Category Archives: Hepatitis A

New Zealand – Consumers urged not to eat illegal mussels

Posted on August 18, 2022 by KSW | Leave a comment

New Zealand Food Safety is urging consumers not to eat mussels being sold illegally at independent retailers or online.

The sale of imported mussels is carefully controlled to ensure they meet New Zealand’s food safety requirements. While mussels from Fiji may be brought into New Zealand for personal use, they cannot be sold.

Deputy director general Vincent Arbuckle says Fijian mussels have been removed from sale at some smaller retailers catering to Pacific Island communities, and online.

“As New Zealand Food Safety has not assessed Fiji’s growing, harvesting and processing controls for mussels we cannot be confident that the mussels don’t pose a food safety risk to consumers.”

The mussels are also known as: Nakai, Naakai, Nakaai, Kai, Batissa violacea and Fresh Water Mussels.

“It’s vital that mussels available to buy for members of the public are safe to eat. Knowing where the mussels you want to buy have come from can help reduce the risk of any potential health problems.

“Our message to people buying mussels is that if you are in any doubt, ask the retailer where the product has come from. If it is from Fiji, the mussels should not be for sale.”

Mussels are a higher risk food because of the way they feed, which increases the likelihood of contamination from bacteria, viruses, toxins and chemicals.

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Posted in Algal Toxin, Bacteria, bacterial contamination, Biotoxin, E.coli, Food Toxin, Food Virus, Hepatitis A, Norovirus, Toxin, Vibrio

USA – FDA Coe Investigation Table Update

Posted on August 18, 2022 by KSW | Leave a comment

FDA

What’s New

An outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 (ref# 1081) in an unidentified product was added to the table and FDA has initiated a traceback investigation. CDC has issued an Investigation Notice.
An outbreak of Salmonella Senftenberg (ref# 1087) in an unidentified product was added to the table.
An outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium (ref# 1095) in an unidentified product was added to the table and traceback has been initiated.
For the outbreak of Salmonella Braenderup (ref# 1075) in an unidentified product, the outbreak has ended.
For the outbreak of Cyclospora in an unidentified product (ref# 1084), the case count has increased from 77 to 98.
For the outbreak of hepatitis A illnesses linked to fresh strawberries (ref# 1066), the FDA investigation has closed and the outbreak is over.

Date Posted	Ref	Pathogen	Product(s) Linked to Illnesses (if any)	Total Case Count	Status
8/17/ 2022	1081	E. coli O157:H7	Not Yet Identified	See CDC Investigation Notice	Active
8/17/ 2022	1087	Salmonella Senftenberg	Not Yet Identified	19	Active
8/17/ 2022	1095	Salmonella Typhimurium	Not Yet Identified	44	Active
8/3/ 2022	1080	Cyclospora	Not Yet Identified	6	Active
7/27/ 2022	1084	Cyclospora	Not Yet Identified	98	Active
6/29/ 2022	1076	Not Yet Identified	Frozen Food	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
6/22/ 2022	1075	Salmonella Braenderup	Not Yet Identified	74	Active
6/22/ 2022	1072	Salmonella Paratyphi B var. L(+) tartrate+	Not Identified	14	Closed
6/15/ 2022	1070	Listeria monocytogenes	Not Identified	12	Closed
6/8/ 2022	1068	E. coli O157:H7	Not Identified	10	Closed
6/1/ 2022	1066	Hepatitis A Virus	Strawberries	See Outbreak Advisory	Closed
5/25/ 2022	1067	Salmonella Senftenberg	Peanut Butter	See Outbreak Advisory	Closed
4/20/ 2022	1064	Not Yet Identified	Dry Cereal	558 adverse event reports	Active
4/13/ 2022	1057	Listeria monocytogenes	Ice Cream	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
3/30/ 2022	1060	None Identified	Meal Replacement Drink	6 adverse event reports	Closed
3/16/ 2022	1055	Salmonella Saintpaul	Not Identified	60	Closed
2/17/ 2022	1056	Cronobacter sakazakii	Powdered Infant Formula	See Advisory	Active (IMG)
2/9/ 2022	1040	Listeria monocytogenes	Not Identified	20	Closed
2/2/ 2022	1054	Enteroinvasive E. coli O143:H26	Not Identified	16	Closed
1/10/ 2022	1050	E. coli O121:H19	Romaine	4	Closed

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Posted in Cronobacter sakazakii, Cyclospora, Cyclosporiasis, E.coli O121, E.coli O157, E.coli O157:H7, FDA, food bourne outbreak, Food Illness, Food Micro Blog, Food Microbiology, Food Microbiology Blog, Food Microbiology Research, Food Microbiology Testing, Foodborne Illness, Foodborne Illness Death, foodborne outbreak, foodbourne outbreak, Hepatitis A, Illness, Listeria, Listeria monocytogenes, microbial contamination, Microbiological Risk Assessment, Microbiology, Microbiology Investigations, Microbiology Risk, O143:H26, outbreak, Salmonella

Hong Kong – Pre-shucked Oysters for Raw Consumption – What Should One be Aware of?

Posted on August 18, 2022 by KSW | Leave a comment

cfs

french oysters

Raw Oysters are High-risk Foods
Oysters are filter feeders. They constantly draw in water and accumulate materials from water, including pathogens such as Vibrio bacteria, norovirus and hepatitis A virus. These pathogens can infect people who eat oysters raw or undercooked. In addition, bacteria like Vibrio can continue to grow in oysters after harvesting if oysters are not maintained at low enough temperatures from harvest through to consumption. Food poisoning outbreaks related to raw oysters have been reported locally from time to time. Although the illness is usually mild and self-limiting, causing symptoms such as diarrhoea, abdominal cramps and vomiting, they can also cause severe health consequences especially for susceptible individuals.

Additional Risks in Shucked Oysters
Both physical and microbiological contamination are possible during the shucking of oysters. Physical removal of shellfish meat from the shell at the shucking table often exposes the product to dirt, mud and detritus. Shucked oysters should be rinsed or washed well to eliminate these contaminants and to reduce microbiological level of the products. Good hygiene practices should also be observed to minimise contamination from the workers and the working environment.

Before deshelling, oysters can stay alive even after long-haul shipping if kept under correct temperature and conditions. Once killed after shucking, raw oysters can deteriorate quickly if the temperature is not low enough to limit bacterial growth. Shucked oysters should be packed and chilled or frozen as soon as possible. Furthermore, an uninterrupted cold chain during transportation is critical to ensure safety and quality of the shellfish products.

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Posted in Food Micro Blog, Food Microbiology, Food Microbiology Blog, Food Microbiology Research, Food Microbiology Testing, Food Pathogen, Hepatitis A, microbial contamination, Microbiological Risk Assessment, Microbiology, Microbiology Investigations, Microbiology Risk, Norovirus, Norovirus Oysters, Pathogen, pathogenic, Vibrio, Vibrio parahaemolyticus

USA – FDA Core Investigation Table Update

Posted on August 11, 2022 by KSW | Leave a comment

FDA

What’s New

For the outbreak of Cyclospora in an unidentified food (ref # 1084) the total case count has increased from 60 to 77.

Date Posted	Ref	Pathogen or Cause of Illness	Product(s) Linked to Illnesses (if any)	Total Case Count	Status
8/3/ 2022	1080	Cyclospora	Not Yet Identified	6	Active
7/27/ 2022	1084	Cyclospora	Not Yet Identified	77	Active
6/29/ 2022	1076	Not Yet Identified	Frozen Food	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
6/22/ 2022	1075	Salmonella Braenderup	Not Yet Identified	74	Active
6/22/ 2022	1072	Salmonella Paratyphi B var. L(+) tartrate+	Not Identified	14	Closed
6/15/ 2022	1070	Listeria monocytogenes	Not Identified	12	Closed
6/8/ 2022	1068	E. coli O157:H7	Not Identified	10	Closed
6/1/ 2022	1066	Hepatitis A Virus	Strawberries	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
5/25/ 2022	1067	Salmonella Senftenberg	Peanut Butter	See Outbreak Advisory	Closed
4/20/ 2022	1064	Not Yet Identified	Dry Cereal	558 adverse event reports	Active
4/13/ 2022	1057	Listeria monocytogenes	Ice Cream	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
3/30/ 2022	1060	None Identified	Meal Replacement Drink	6 adverse event reports	Closed
3/16/ 2022	1055	Salmonella Saintpaul	Not Identified	60	Closed
2/17/ 2022	1056	Cronobacter sakazakii	Powdered Infant Formula	See Advisory	Active (IMG)
2/9/ 2022	1040	Listeria monocytogenes	Not Identified	20	Closed
2/2/ 2022	1054	Enteroinvasive E. coli O143:H26	Not Identified	16	Closed
1/10/ 2022	1050	E. coli O121:H19	Romaine	4	Closed

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Posted in Cronobacter sakazakii, Cyclospora, Cyclosporiasis, E.coli O121, E.coli O157, E.coli O157:H7, food bourne outbreak, Food Illness, Food Micro Blog, Food Microbiology, Food Microbiology Blog, Food Microbiology Research, Food Microbiology Testing, Foodborne Illness, Foodborne Illness Death, foodborne outbreak, foodbourne outbreak, Hepatitis A, Illness, Listeria, Listeria monocytogenes, microbial contamination, Microbiological Risk Assessment, Microbiology, Microbiology Investigations, Microbiology Risk, O143:H26, outbreak, Salmonella

IAFP 2022: Persistence of Norovirus, Hepatitis A in Low-Moisture Foods

Posted on August 7, 2022 by KSW | Leave a comment

Food Safety.Com

Hepatitis A and Human Norovirus

Dr. Gibson introduced and gave an overview of the two most relevant enteric viruses in food safety—human Norovirus and Hepatitis A—on which Dr. Jaykus later elaborated. The viruses share several characteristics, such as being resistant to environmental degradation, having a low infectious dose, and shedding from infected individuals at high concentrations. The enteric viruses are also highly persistent on foods and are difficult to inactivate. According to Dr. Jaykus, the viruses can persist on surfaces for days to weeks at room temperature; on foods in water, the viruses can persist for weeks to months if refrigerated, and indefinitely if frozen. Although viral persistence is strong for enteric viruses, the viruses’ survivability depends on the surface, matrix, and temperatures to which they are subject.

Hepatitis A is more common in low-income countries and its common modes of transmission are ready-to-eat (RTE) foods, fresh and frozen produce, and LMFs. Hepatitis A has a public health impact of over 37,000 foodborne cases in the U.S., annually. Norovirus, which causes approximately 5.5 million cases of foodborne illness in the U.S. each year, is mainly transmitted through foods at restaurants due to contamination by infected food handlers; soft, red fruits are also associated with Norovirus due to being hand-harvested. Foods that are handled by humans during harvesting, processing, or preparation are common vehicles for Norovirus as the pathogen can remain infectious and shed from infected individuals for up to eight weeks.

In dry environments, the enteric viruses can transfer between surfaces at a rate of 5–10 percent; in moist environments, the viruses’ rate of transferability increases to over 95 percent. Hepatitis A and Norovirus have also shown to be effective at attaching and sticking to existing biofilms.

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Posted in Food Micro Blog, Food Microbiology, Food Microbiology Blog, Food Microbiology Research, Food Microbiology Testing, Food Virus, Hepatitis A, microbial contamination, Microbiological Risk Assessment, Microbiology, Microbiology Investigations, Microbiology Risk, Norovirus, Virus

USA – FDA Core Table – Investigations of Foodborne Illness Outbreaks

Posted on August 4, 2022 by KSW | Leave a comment

FDA

What’s New

For the Cyclospora outbreak in an unidentified vehicle (ref# 1084), the number of cases has increased from 51 to 60 and sample collection and analysis has been initiated.
A new outbreak has been added to the table: Cyclospora in a not yet identified food (ref #1080). Traceback has been initiated.
For the Salmonella Paratyphi B var. L(+) tartrate+ outbreak (ref# 1072) in a not identified food, FDA’s investigation status is now closed.
For the Listeria monocytogenes outbreak (ref# 1070) in a not identified food, the outbreak status has ended and FDA’s investigation status is now closed.
For the Salmonella Braenderup outbreak (ref #1075), the number of cases has increased from 70 to 74.

Date Posted	Ref	Pathogen or Cause of Illness	Product(s) Linked to Illnesses (if any)	Total Case Count	Status
8/3/ 2022	1080	Cyclospora	Not Yet Identified	6	Active
7/27/ 2022	1084	Cyclospora	Not Yet Identified	60	Active
6/29/ 2022	1076	Not Yet Identified	Frozen Food	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
6/22/ 2022	1075	Salmonella Braenderup	Not Yet Identified	74	Active
6/22/ 2022	1072	Salmonella Paratyphi B var. L(+) tartrate+	Not Identified	14	Closed
6/15/ 2022	1070	Listeria monocytogenes	Not Identified	12	Closed
6/8/ 2022	1068	E. coli O157:H7	Not Identified	10	Closed
6/1/ 2022	1066	Hepatitis A Virus	Strawberries	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
5/25/ 2022	1067	Salmonella Senftenberg	Peanut Butter	See Outbreak Advisory	Closed
4/20/ 2022	1064	Not Yet Identified	Dry Cereal	558 adverse event reports	Active
4/13/ 2022	1057	Listeria monocytogenes	Ice Cream	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
3/30/ 2022	1060	None Identified	Meal Replacement Drink	6 adverse event reports	Closed
3/16/ 2022	1055	Salmonella Saintpaul	Not Identified	60	Closed
2/17/ 2022	1056	Cronobacter sakazakii	Powdered Infant Formula	See Advisory	Active (IMG)
2/9/ 2022	1040	Listeria monocytogenes	Not Identified	20	Closed
2/2/ 2022	1054	Enteroinvasive E. coli O143:H26	Not Identified	16	Closed
1/10/ 2022	1050	E. coli O121:H19	Romaine	4	Closed

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Posted in Cronobacter sakazakii, cross contamination, Cyclospora, E.coli O121, FDA, food bourne outbreak, Food Illness, Food Micro Blog, Food Microbiology, Food Microbiology Blog, Food Microbiology Testing, Foodborne Illness, Foodborne Illness Death, foodborne outbreak, foodbourne outbreak, Hepatitis A, Illness, Listeria, Listeria monocytogenes, microbial contamination, Microbiological Risk Assessment, Microbiology, Microbiology Investigations, Microbiology Risk, O143:H26, outbreak, Salmonella

USA – FDA Core Investigation Table

Posted on July 28, 2022 by KSW | Leave a comment

FDA

What’s New

For the Salmonella Senftenberg outbreak in Peanut Butter (ref# 1067), the outbreak status has ended and the investigation status is now closed.
A new outbreak has been added to the table: Cyclospora in a not yet identified food (ref #1084).
For the Salmonella Paratyphi B var. L(+) tartrate+ outbreak (ref# 1072) in a not yet identified food, the outbreak status has ended. FDA’s investigation status is still ongoing.


Date Posted	Ref	Pathogen or Cause of Illness	Product(s) Linked to Illnesses (if any)	Total Case Count	Status
7/27/ 2022	1084	Cyclospora	Not Yet Identified	51	Active
6/29/ 2022	1076	Not Yet Identified	Frozen Food	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
6/22/ 2022	1075	Salmonella Braenderup	Not Yet Identified	70	Active
6/22/ 2022	1072	Salmonella Paratyphi B var. L(+) tartrate+	Not Yet Identified	14	Active
6/15/ 2022	1070	Listeria monocytogenes	Not Yet Identified	12	Active
6/8/ 2022	1068	E. coli O157:H7	Not Identified	10	Closed
6/1/ 2022	1066	Hepatitis A Virus	Strawberries	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
5/25/ 2022	1067	Salmonella Senftenberg	Peanut Butter	See Outbreak Advisory	Closed
4/20/ 2022	1064	Not Yet Identified	Dry Cereal	558 adverse event reports	Active
4/13/ 2022	1057	Listeria monocytogenes	Ice Cream	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
3/30/ 2022	1060	None Identified	Meal Replacement Drink	6 adverse event reports	Closed
3/16/ 2022	1055	Salmonella Saintpaul	Not Identified	60	Closed
2/17/ 2022	1056	Cronobacter sakazakii	Powdered Infant Formula	See Advisory	Active (IMG)
2/9/ 2022	1040	Listeria monocytogenes	Not Identified	20	Closed
2/2/ 2022	1054	Enteroinvasive E. coli O143:H26	Not Identified	16	Closed
1/10/ 2022	1050	E. coli O121:H19	Romaine	4	Closed

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Posted in Cronobacter sakazakii, Cyclospora, E.coli O121, E.coli O157, E.coli O157:H7, FDA, Food Micro Blog, Food Microbiology, Food Microbiology Blog, Food Microbiology Testing, Hepatitis A, Listeria, Listeria monocytogenes, microbial contamination, Microbiological Risk Assessment, Microbiology, Microbiology Investigations, Microbiology Risk, O143:H26, Salmonella

USA – FDA Is Focusing on Safety of Frozen Berries

Posted on July 27, 2022 by KSW | Leave a comment

Food Safety Tech

From 1983 to 2018, there were 50 outbreaks globally that were attributed to frozen berries: 36 caused by Norovirus and 14 by Hepatitis A.

On July 22, the FDA announced that it is developing a food safety prevention strategy to enhance the safety of fresh and frozen berries. The move comes in response to multiple hepatitis A (HAV) and norovirus (NoV) outbreaks linked to the consumption of both fresh and frozen berries.

The FDA reports that there have been four HAV outbreaks and three NoV outbreaks linked to frozen berries from 1990 to 2016 in the U.S., and since 2011, there have been three HAV outbreaks linked to fresh berries, including a current outbreak linked to fresh organic strawberries.

In addition, from 1983 to 2018, there were 50 outbreaks globally that were attributed to frozen berries: 36 caused by NoV and 14 by HAV. The FDA noted that although freezing preserves berries it generally does not inactivate viruses that may be introduced at various points in the supply chain, such as by infected workers, contaminated water or contaminated food contact surfaces. In addition, fresh berries are generally eaten raw without a kill-step that could eliminate pathogens.

In August, the FDA plans to resume an assignment to collect and test frozen berries that it paused at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. The assignment seeks to estimate the prevalence of HAV and NoV in frozen strawberries, raspberries and blackberries and help the FDA identify sites where practices or conditions may exist that constitute safety vulnerabilities.

The FDA also plans to work collaboratively with industry, academia and regulatory partners in the development of a food safety prevention strategy to identify measures that can be taken to limit or prevent contamination from occurring throughout the berry supply chain, approaches to re-enforce control measures and their application as well as areas where additional research is needed.

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Posted in food bourne outbreak, Food Illness, Food Micro Blog, Food Microbiology, Food Microbiology Blog, Food Microbiology Research, Food Microbiology Testing, Food Virus, Foodborne Illness, foodborne outbreak, foodbourne outbreak, Hepatitis A, Illness, microbial contamination, Microbiological Risk Assessment, Microbiology, Microbiology Investigations, Microbiology Risk, Norovirus, outbreak, Research, Uncategorized, Virus

USA – FDA Core Outbreak Table Update

Posted on July 21, 2022 by KSW | Leave a comment

FDA

Date Posted	Ref	Pathogen or Cause of Illness	Product	Total Case Count	Status
6/29/ 2022	1076	Not Yet Identified	Frozen Food	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
6/22/ 2022	1075	Salmonella Braenderup	Not Yet Identified	70	Active
6/22/ 2022	1072	Salmonella Paratyphi B var. L(+) tartrate+	Not Yet Identified	14	Active
6/15/ 2022	1070	Listeria monocytogenes	Not Yet Identified	12	Active
6/8/ 2022	1068	E. coli O157:H7	Not Identified	10	Closed
6/1/ 2022	1066	Hepatitis A Virus	Strawberries	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
5/25/ 2022	1067	Salmonella Senftenberg	Peanut Butter	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
4/20/ 2022	1064	Not Yet Identified	Dry Cereal	558 adverse event reports	Active
4/13/ 2022	1057	Listeria monocytogenes	Ice Cream	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
3/30/ 2022	1060	None Identified	Meal Replacement Drink	6 adverse event reports	Closed
3/16/ 2022	1055	Salmonella Saintpaul	Not Identified	60	Closed
2/17/ 2022	1056	Cronobacter sakazakii	Powdered Infant Formula	See Advisory	Active (IMG)
2/9/ 2022	1040	Listeria monocytogenes	Not Identified	20	Closed
2/2/ 2022	1054	Enteroinvasive E. coli O143:H26	Not Identified	16	Closed
1/10/ 2022	1050	E. coli O121:H19	Romaine	4	Closed

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Posted in Cronobacter sakazakii, E.coli O121, E.coli O157, E.coli O157:H7, FDA, food bourne outbreak, foodborne outbreak, foodbourne outbreak, Hepatitis A, Listeria, Listeria monocytogenes, O143:H26, outbreak, Salmonella

USA – FDA Core Investigation Table Update

Posted on July 14, 2022 by KSW | Leave a comment

FDA

This week’s updates are:

For the Salmonella Braenderup outbreak (ref# 1075), the case count has increased from 59 to 63.
For the E. coli O157:H7 outbreak (ref# 1068), the investigation status has been updated to closed.
For the Listeria monocytogenes outbreak (ref# 1057), a voluntary recall has been initiated and an outbreak advisory has been issued.

Date Posted	Ref	Pathogen or Cause of Illness	Product(s) Linked to Illnesses (if any)	Total Case Count	Status
6/29/ 2022	1076	Not Yet Identified	Frozen Food	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
6/22/ 2022	1075	Salmonella Braenderup	Not Yet Identified	63	Active
6/22/ 2022	1072	Salmonella Paratyphi B var. L(+) tartrate+	Not Yet Identified	14	Active
6/15/ 2022	1070	Listeria monocytogenes	Not Yet Identified	12	Active
6/8/ 2022	1068	E. coli O157:H7	Not Identified	10	Closed
6/1/ 2022	1066	Hepatitis A Virus	Strawberries	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
5/25/ 2022	1067	Salmonella Senftenberg	Peanut Butter	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
4/20/ 2022	1064	Not Yet Identified	Dry Cereal	558 adverse event reports	Active
4/13/ 2022	1057	Listeria monocytogenes	Ice Cream	See Outbreak Advisory	Active
3/30/ 2022	1060	None Identified	Meal Replacement Drink	6 adverse event reports	Closed
3/16/ 2022	1055	Salmonella Saintpaul	Not Identified	60	Closed
2/17/ 2022	1056	Cronobacter sakazakii	Powdered Infant Formula	See Advisory	Active (IMG)
2/9/ 2022	1040	Listeria monocytogenes	Not Identified	20	Closed
2/2/ 2022	1054	Enteroinvasive E. coli O143:H26	Not Identified	16	Closed
1/10/ 2022	1050	E. coli O121:H19	Romaine	4	Closed

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Posted in Cronobacter sakazakii, E.coli O121, FDA, Food Micro Blog, Food Microbiology, Food Microbiology Blog, Food Microbiology Research, Food Microbiology Testing, Hepatitis A, Listeria, Listeria monocytogenes, microbial contamination, Microbiological Risk Assessment, Microbiology, Microbiology Investigations, Microbiology Risk, O143:H26, Salmonella, Salmonella Peanut Butter

Category Archives: Hepatitis A

New Zealand – Consumers urged not to eat illegal mussels

USA – FDA Coe Investigation Table Update

What’s New

Hong Kong – Pre-shucked Oysters for Raw Consumption – What Should One be Aware of?

USA – FDA Core Investigation Table Update

What’s New

IAFP 2022: Persistence of Norovirus, Hepatitis A in Low-Moisture Foods

USA – FDA Core Table – Investigations of Foodborne Illness Outbreaks

What’s New

USA – FDA Core Investigation Table

What’s New

USA – FDA Is Focusing on Safety of Frozen Berries

USA – FDA Core Outbreak Table Update

USA – FDA Core Investigation Table Update

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Category Archives: Hepatitis A

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