Category Archives: Norovirus

USA – CDC Update – Multistate Norovirus Outbreak Linked to Raw Oysters from Texas

CDC

Food Borne Illness - Norovirus -CDC Photo

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Texas Department of State Health Services, and other public health partners, are investigating a multistate outbreak of norovirus illnesses linked to raw oysters from Texas.

FDA Advises Restaurants, Retailers and Consumers to Avoid Potentially Contaminated Oysters from Harvest Area TX 1, Texas | FDA

Fast Facts

Illnesses: 298 illnesses* have been reported as of December 20, 2022.

States affected: Alabama (AL), Florida (FL), Georgia (GA), Louisiana (LA), Mississippi (MS) North Carolina (NC), Tennessee (TN), Texas (TX)

Recall: Yes DSHS Recalls Oysters Harvested in Area of Southeastern Galveston Bay | Texas DSHS

Investigation Status: Active

*This number is an estimate based on the information we have at this time. CDC is working with state and local partners and will update this number as more information is gathered.

Raw Oysters and Norovirus

If eaten raw, oysters and other filter-feeding shellfish can contain viruses and bacteria that can cause illness or death. Anyone who consumes raw shellfish is at risk of contracting norovirus. Children younger than five years old, the elderly, and those people with weakened immune systems are more likely to have severe infections. Food contaminated with norovirus may look, smell, or taste normal. To avoid food poisoning from oysters, cook them well to a temperature of at least 145 degrees F.

England – Differential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on laboratory reporting of Norovirus and Campylobacter in England: A modelling approach

PLOS One

CDC Campy

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted surveillance activities for multiple pathogens. Since March 2020, there was a decline in the number of reports of norovirus and Campylobacter recorded by England’s national laboratory surveillance system. The aim is to estimate and compare the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on norovirus and Campylobacter surveillance data in England.

USA – Multistate Norovirus Outbreak Linked to Raw Oysters from Texas

CDC

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Texas Department of State Health Services, and other public health partners, are investigating a multistate outbreak of norovirus illnesses linked to raw oysters from Texas.

FDA Advises Restaurants, Retailers and Consumers to Avoid Potentially Contaminated Oysters from Harvest Area TX 1, Texas | FDA

Fast Facts

Illnesses: 211 illnesses* have been reported as of December 15, 2022.

States affected: Alabama (AL), Florida (FL), Georgia (GA), Louisiana (LA), Mississippi (MS) North Carolina (NC), Tennessee (TN), Texas (TX)

Recall: Yes DSHS Recalls Oysters Harvested in Area of Southeastern Galveston Bay | Texas DSHS

Investigation Status: Active

*This number is an estimate based on the information we have at this time. CDC is working with state and local partners and will update this number as more information is gathered.

Raw Oysters and Norovirus

If eaten raw, oysters and other filter-feeding shellfish can contain viruses and bacteria that can cause illness or death. Anyone who consumes raw shellfish is at risk of contracting norovirus. Children younger than five years old, the elderly, and those people with weakened immune systems are more likely to have severe infections. Food contaminated with norovirus may look, smell, or taste normal. To avoid food poisoning from oysters, cook them well to a temperature of at least 145 degrees F.

What Businesses Should Do

Do not serve or sell raw oysters harvested between 11/17/2022 and 12/7/2022 from harvest area TX 1, Galveston Bay, Texas:

  • Restaurants and food retailers should not serve raw oysters from harvest area TX 1, Galveston Bay, Texas, harvested between 11/17/2022 and 12/7/2022, which will be printed on product tags.
  • The FDA has confirmed that raw oysters harvested in area TX 1, Galveston Bay, Texas were potentially contaminated with norovirus and distributed to restaurants and retailers in Alabama (AL), Florida (FL), Georgia (GA), Louisiana (LA), Mississippi (MS) North Carolina (NC), Tennessee (TN) and Texas (TX). It is possible that additional states received these oysters through further distribution within the U.S.

Throw away any remaining oysters or return them to your distributor for destruction.

These oysters may be contaminated with norovirus. Follow these steps:

  • Wash and sanitize containers and surfaces that may have come into contact with these oysters.
  • Wash hands with warm water and soap following the cleaning and sanitation process.
What You Should Do

Do not eat any raw oysters from the areas listed above. If you have oysters at home from any of the areas listed above, throw them away. Clean any utensils or food preparation surfaces that may have touched the oysters.

If you think you might have gotten sick from eating possibly contaminated raw oysters, talk to your healthcare provider and report your illness to your local health department.

 

RASFF Alert – Norovirus – Oysters

RASFF

Norovirus genogroup I in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) from France in Spain

Norway – Oysters from A La Carte Produkter AS are withdrawn from the market due to suspicion of Norovirus

Matportalen

A La Carte Produkter AS in Oslo is recalling oysters (Crassonstrea Gigas) from Ireland, via France, of the brands “BB Boudeuse No 5” and “Royale No 3”. The reason is suspicion of norovirus, following several cases of illness.

  • Oyster label
 

The withdrawal applies to the following product:

  • Product name: Oysters (Crassostrea Gigas)
  • Name of the company that is recalling the goods: A La Carte Produkter AS
  • Batch: “BOUDEUSE 22464BBOU5”, “BOUDEUSE 22474BBOU5”, and “ROYALE 22474ROY3”.
  • The oysters are farmed in Ireland.

The products are sold to restaurants, grocery stores and delicatessens all over Norway.

A La Carte Products asks consumers who have purchased the product to throw it away or return it to where the product was purchased.

Oysters are often eaten raw without heat treatment, and they can contain viruses, most often norovirus. Norovirus is the most common cause of viral diarrheal disease in Norway. Boiling and frying will kill norovirus, but it is uncertain whether steaming has sufficient effect.

Contact person at the business: Monica Skålvoll 975 15 690

Contact person in the Norwegian Food Safety Authority: Odd Eirik Breivik odebr@mattilsynet.no 22 77 78 09

Australia P&O sued over Norovirus-ravaged cruises

The Bharat Express

P&O passengers claim they suffered from diarrhea and vomiting and had to self-isolate in unsanitary conditions after being exposed to norovirus on a number of Australian cruises.

A class action filed in federal court on Tuesday seeks compensation and damages from Carnival, trading as P&O Cruises, for outbreaks of the highly contagious gastrointestinal virus on eight separate voyages from December 2016 to February 2017.

Australia – Donuts for weight loss? A norovirus outbreak associated with a bakery in the Australian Capital Territory

Gov Au

Three hundred and one people were surveyed, and 215 individuals (71.4%) reported vomiting and/or diarrhoea following consumption of a donut purchased from the business over a five-day period.
 
All ill respondents reported eating a donut. The medians of incubation period and illness duration were 34 hours (interquartile range, IQR: 29–42 hours) and 48 hours (IQR: 29–72 hours) respectively. Diarrhoea, vomiting and abdominal pain were the most commonly reported symptoms.
 
Eight out of 11 specimens collected from ill individuals were positive for norovirus. For the case-control study, data from 59 attendees were collected, with an attack rate of 46% (27/59). Eating any kind of filled donut was associated with a person becoming ill (odds ratio: 10.4; 95% confidence interval: 1.18–478.13).
 
No single flavour was identified as the likely source of infection.
 
Elevated levels of coliforms were present in two samples of donut filling obtained during the food safety inspection.
 
Conclusion
Donuts are a novel vehicle for norovirus infection. This implicated pathogen, plus evidence collected at the food premises suggestive of faecal contamination, indicates the source of this outbreak was likely an ill food handler. The findings of this outbreak highlight the importance of excluding food
 
 
 

Research – The European Scientific Conference on Applied Infectious Disease Epidemiology (ESCAIDE)

Escaide

Abstracts

Page 71 – An Easter Surprise: Salmonella Typhimurium outbreak linked to chocolate products in the United Kingdom, 2022; a case control study

Page 72  – International outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium linked to a chocolate factory in 2022: Belgian findings

Page 73 – Whole Genome Sequencing identified a prolonged Salmonella Poona nursery outbreak (2016-2021) in North West England, UK

Page 74 – Climate Warming and increasing Vibrio vulnificus infections in North America

Page 106 – Timely and reliable outbreak investigation using a non-probabilistic online panel as a source of controls – two parallel case-control studies investigating a Salmonella Braenderup outbreak in Germany

Page 107 – An outbreak of Escherichia coli-associated haemolytic uremic syndrome linked to consumption of an unexpected food vehicle, France 2022

Page 108 – Outbreak investigation of cholera in a peri-urban village of Panchkula district, Haryana, India, 2021

Page 109 – Cholera Outbreak Investigation, Ballo Adda Mohalla, Lucknow District, Uttar Pradesh 2021

Page 110 – Norovirus GII.3[P12] outbreak associated with the drinking-water supply in a rural area in Galicia, Spain, 2021

Page 111 – Impact of COVID-19 restrictions on the epidemiology of Cryptosporidium spp. in England and Wales

Page 149 – Monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium outbreak linked to chocolate products, Ireland, 2022

Page 151 – Successful containment of a Listeria monocytogenes outbreak caused by shredded vegetables, Hesse/Germany, 2021-2022

Page 152 – Outbreak of monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium linked to fresh small tomatoes, Sweden, 2021

Page 194 – Cholera Outbreak Investigation, Kamarhati-Municipality, North-24-Parganas District, West Bengal, India 2021

Page 195 – Botulism outbreak and response in Dangara District Tajikistan, October 2020

Page 196 – Outbreak of suspected Clostridium perfringens associated with consumption of roast beef in a restaurant, January 2022 South West England

Page 198 – Doughnuts for weight loss? A norovirus outbreak in the Australian Capital Territory, November 2021

Page 212 – Outbreak of Legionnaires’ disease linked to unregistered cooling towers, West Midlands, England, July-September 2020

 

 

Research – Study on the Effect of Relaying on Norovirus Reduction from Crassostrea gigas Oysters

MDPI

french oysters

Abstract

Norovirus (NoV) is the most important cause of seafood-borne gastroenteritis worldwide, mainly associated with the consumption of raw oysters. NoV is often present in oysters that comply with existing control standards for shellfish. Therefore, the improvement of post-harvest treatments and practices can represent one of the main strategies to reduce the incidence of viral diseases related to shellfish. This study aimed to investigate long-term relays for the reduction of NoV levels in live oysters, during the high-risk cold months, by transferring the oysters from a more contaminated site to two sites with lower NoV levels. The efficacy of relaying was evaluated by analyzing oyster samples collected at days 0 (T0) and 30 (T30) for NoV levels using a real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The NoV level at the relay sites was consistently lower than at the harvest site. The relay process for 30 days in seawater with a lower NoV level resulted in a decrease in the NoV load compared to day 0 with significant reductions depending on the site and genogroup of NoV considered. These results suggest that long-term relaying of oysters to reduce NoV levels is promising and could help growers to improve oyster safety; however, further investigations are needed.

RASFF Alert – Norovirus – Oysters

RASFF

Presence of Norovirus genogroup I and II in oysters from Spain in Italy