Category Archives: microbial contamination

Research – Cyclospora Infection: What to Know

WebMD

220px-Cyclospora_cayetanensis_stained

parasite that’s too tiny to see without a microscope can make you ill if you eat or drink the food or water it fouls. The illness is called a cyclospora infection (or cyclosporiasis), and it can bring on problems like watery diarrhea and stomach pain.

About 15,000 people in the U.S. catch it each year, and outbreaks of the infection have been linked to different kinds of imported fresh produce.

Here’s what you need to know to stay safe and lower your chances of catching this bug.  See at the link above.

Hawaii – DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH WARNS PUBLIC NOT TO DRINK RAW MILK

HHG

DOH embargoes unpasteurized goat milk
from various pet store supply and food retailers

HONOLULU – Hawai‘i Department of Health Food Safety Branch inspectors are visiting pet supply stores and food retailers throughout the state and issuing cease and desist notices to those engaged in the illegal sale of unpasteurized goat milk.

An embargo on raw milk products, which are not safe for human consumption, is now in effect. Pet stores or any other retailer that has raw milk in their possession must remove the product from sale immediately and destroy or return the product to their supplier. Failure to do so may result in seizure and fines of up to $10,000 per day.

As of July 1, there were nearly 20 O‘ahu pet stores that were selling the unpasteurized goat milk product. The health department is continuing its inspections today.

Under Hawai‘i law, only Grade A pasteurized milk and milk products may be sold to the final consumer or to restaurants.

“The goat milk is being advertised as ‘pet food,’ but the sale of any form of raw fluid milk is a risk to public health because it is easily diverted for human consumption,” said Peter Oshiro, chief of the Food Safety Branch. “There are many in our community that mistakenly believe that drinking raw milk is healthy, but this is simply untrue.”

Drinking unpasteurized milk is unsafe because it may result in serious illnesses, hospitalizations and even death. Raw milk has the potential to carry and transmit dangerous pathogens including E. Coli, Salmonella, and a host of other bacteria that can cause disease. It is especially dangerous for our keiki, kupuna, or those with weakened immune systems to drink raw milk because they may not be able to fend off these pathogens as a normal healthy individual would.

Drinking raw milk is particularly dangerous because children infected through consumption of raw milk can spread disease through fecal-oral means and cause a serious disease outbreak among other children with whom they come into contact. Raw milk consumption by a few individuals has the potential to negatively impact our community at large by causing an outbreak of disease.

The Food Safety Branch protects and promotes the health of Hawai‘i residents and visitors through education of food industry workers and regulation of food establishments statewide. The branch conducts routine health inspections of food establishments where food products are prepared, manufactured, distributed, or sold. The branch also investigates the sources of foodborne illnesses and potential adulteration; and is charged with the prevention or mitigation of foodborne outbreaks. Health inspectors work with business owners, food service workers, and the food industry to ensure safe food preparation practices and sanitary conditions.

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PDF: Department of Health warns public not to drink raw milk – unpasteurized goat milk product embargoed

Research – Genetic diversity and pathogenic potential of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) derived from German flour

Science Direct

Abstract

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) can cause severe human illness, which are frequently linked to the consumption of contaminated beef or dairy products. However, recent outbreaks associated with contaminated flour and undercooked dough in the United States and Canada, highlight the potential of plant based food as transmission routes for STEC. In Germany STEC has been isolated from flour, but no cases of illness have been linked to flour.

In this study, we characterized 123 STEC strains isolated from flour and flour products collected between 2015 and 2019 across Germany. In addition to determination of serotype and Shiga toxin subtype, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was used for isolates collected in 2018 to determine phylogenetic relationships, sequence type (ST), and virulence-associated genes (VAGs).

We found a high diversity of serotypes including those frequently associated with human illness and outbreaks, such as O157:H7 (stx2c/d, eae), O145:H28 (stx2a, eae), O146:H28 (stx2b), and O103:H2 (stx1a, eae). Serotypes O187:H28 (ST200, stx2g) and O154:H31 (ST1892, stx1d) were most prevalent, but are rarely linked to human cases. However, WGS analysis revealed that these strains, as well as, O156:H25 (ST300, stx1a) harbour high numbers of VAGs, including eae, nleB and est1a/sta1.

Although STEC-contaminated flour products have yet not been epidemiologically linked to human clinical cases in Germany, this study revealed that flour can serve as a vector for STEC strains with a high pathogenic potential. Further investigation is needed to determine the sources of STEC contamination in flour and flour products particularly in regards to these rare serotypes.

Research – Behavior of Listeria monocytogenes and Other Microorganisms in Sliced Riojano Chorizo (Spanish Dry-Cured Sausage) during Storage under Modified Atmospheres

MDPI

Sliced ready-to-eat meat products packaged under modified atmospheres are often marketed since they cover consumer demands. The slicing process could be a potential risk for consumers since contamination with Listeria monocytogenes could occur during this stage. The current study evaluated the behavior of L. monocytogenes and other microorganisms in commercial sliced Riojano chorizo. This meat product was sliced and inoculated with L. monocytogenes (3.5 log CFU/g) before packaging under different atmospheres (air, vacuum, 100% N2, 20% CO2/80% N2 and 40% CO2/60% N2) and stored at 4 °C for up to 60 days. Samples were taken on days 0, 7, 21, 28 and 60 of storage. L. monocytogenes, mesophiles, Enterobacteriaceae, lactic acid bacteria, Micrococcaceae, molds and yeast counts were evaluated. Additionally, water activity, humidity and pH were determined. L. monocytogenes counts decreased in inoculated sliced chorizo during storage. Packaging conditions and day of storage influenced microbial counts. After 60 days, a significant reduction (p ≤ 0.05) in the initial Listeria contamination levels (3.5. log CFU/g) between 1.1 and 1.46 logarithmic units was achieved in the sausages packaged in modified atmosphere. The highest reductions were observed in slices packaged in 40% CO2/60% N2 after 60 days of storage at 4 °C. View Full-Text

Research – Significance of Sodium Bisulfate (SBS) Tempering in Reducing the Escherichia coli O121 and O26 Load of Wheat and Its Effects on Wheat Flour Quality

MDPI

The occurrence of recalls involving pathogenic Escherichia coli-contaminated wheat flours show the need for incorporating antimicrobial interventions in wheat milling. The objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy of sodium bisulfate (SBS) tempering in reducing E. coli O121 (ATCC 2219) and O26 (ATCC 2196) wheat load and to evaluate the impact of effective (≥3.0 log reductions) SBS treatments on wheat flour quality. Wheat grains were inoculated with E. coli (~6 log CFU/g) and tempered (17% moisture, 24 h) using the following SBS concentrations (%wheat basis): 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and 1.5% SBS. Reductions in E. coli O121 and O26 wheat load at different time intervals (0.5, 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h) during tempering were evaluated. The addition of SBS during tempering resulted in E. coli (O121 and O26) log reductions of 2.0 (0.5% SBS) to >4.0 logs (1.5% SBS) (p ≤ 0.05). SBS tempering (1.25 and 1.5% SBS) produced acidic wheat flours (pH = 4.51–4.60) but had comparable wheat flour properties in terms of composition, dough, and bread-making properties relative to the control (0% SBS). SBS tempering reduced the E. coli O121 and O26 load of wheat after tempering with minimal effects on wheat flour quality. View Full-Text

Vietnam Research – Microbiological safety of ready-to-eat foods in hospital and university canteens in Hanoi, Vietnam

Journal of Food Protection

The aim of this study is to analyze and document the microbiological safety and quality of ready-to-eat foods in hospital and university canteens in Hanoi, Vietnam. A total of 420 ready-to-eat food products from 21 canteens were sampled in July 2018 and May 2019. The ratio of samples exceeding the unsatisfactory level for Total Plate Count (TPC) was 31%. Escherichia coli, Listeria and Staphylococcus aureus were detected in 35 (8.3%), 99 (24%), 46 (11%) samples, with 3%, 10% and 0% exceeding the unsatisfactory level, respectively. The Total Plate Count (TPC), Listeria, Bacillus cereus, E. coli, S. aureus ranged from below detection limit to 5×10 9 , 4.6×10 5 , 6.2×10 3 , 3.4×10 3 , 7.6×10 3 CFU/g, respectively. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from 3/420 samples (0.7%). In addition, there were 21 out of 410 samples (5%) contaminated with Salmonella. Overall, our data indicate frequent problems with the microbiological quality and safety of these canteen foods in Hanoi, and provide a baseline measurement that will allow environmental health officers and food microbiologists to develop targeted intervention strategies to reduce the economical and public health risk associated with these foods.

RASFF Alert – Animal Feed – Salmonella – Soybean Feed

RASFF

Salmonella (S. Havana) in soybean feed from Italy in Switzerland

Iceland – Salmonella in pork ears for pets

MAST

The company Petmark ehf has, in consultation with the Food Administration, recalled pig semen for pets after salmonella was detected in a sample. These are unpacked pork ears that were sold by choice in the stores Gæludýr.is and Bendir for the past four weeks (1.5.2021-6.6.2021). 

Product information:

  • Product name: Pork ear
  • Importer: Petmark ehf, Völuteig 6, 270 Mosfellsbær.
  • Country of manufacture: Germany
  • Manufacturer: Be-So GmbH
  • Lot number / best for dates: 13.5.2022. NOTE no packaging. The recall applies to pig semen purchased at Gæludýr.is and Bendi last year. 4 weeks
  • Storage conditions: Ambient
  • Distribution: Points and stores Gæludýr.is

Ears

Those who have purchased the product are asked to return it to the point of sale or discard it.

Related material

USA – Manna Pro Products LLC Issues Limited Voluntary Recall of Flock Party Quack Snacks Sold in the United States Because of Possible Health Risk Due to Potential Salmonella Contamination

FDA

Product image front Flock Party Quack Snacks poultry treat MannaPro Net Wt 1.68 lb (762g)

Company Announcement

Manna Pro Products, LLC, St. Louis, Missouri, is voluntarily recalling a single lot of Flock Party Quack Snacks (poultry treat) with a Best By date of 12/2023, packaged in 1.68 pound bags because it has the potential to be contaminated with Salmonella. Manna Pro Products LLC was informed by the State of West Virginia of a positive Salmonella spp. result in a routine surveillance sample of Flock Party Quack Snacks.

Salmonella is a risk to humans from handling contaminated products, especially if they have not thoroughly washed their hands after having contact with the products or any surfaces exposed to these products.

Healthy people infected with Salmonella should monitor themselves for some or all of the following symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramping and fever. Rarely, Salmonella can result in more serious ailments, including arterial infections, endocarditis, arthritis, muscle pain, eye irritation, and urinary tract symptoms. Consumers exhibiting these signs after having contact with this product should contact their healthcare providers.

The bags are magenta and light blue in color and made of plastic (see images below). These products have a Best By date of 12/2023, which is printed on the bottom of the bag. This voluntary recall applies only to Flock Party Quack Snacks with Best By dates of 12/2023. Distribution of this product has been suspended while Manna Pro continues its investigation as to the source of the contamination.

This product was distributed beginning February 2, 2021 at retail stores throughout the United States.

Customers who purchased Flock Party Quack Snacks with a Best By date of 12/2023 should stop feeding the product immediately, throw the product away, and contact Manna Pro at the phone number below for a full refund.

Customers with questions or concerns should contact Manna Pro at (800) 690-9908 ext. 2, Monday through Friday from 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM Central time.

Members of the media can should refer their inquiries to Noah Messel of O’Malley Hansen at (314) 656-8302 or Noah.Messel@omalleyhansen.com.

Hong Kong – High-risk Foods

CFS

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What comes to your mind when you hear the term ‘high-risk foods’? Sushi? Sashimi? Or raw oysters? Raw or undercooked food are generally high-risk foods. You may not notice that some common dishes may contain raw or undercooked ingredients, such as mango pudding made with raw eggs, smoked salmon sandwiches, and congee made with undercooked beef. The CFS would like to share with the public, especially susceptible populations, on how to be vigilant about high-risk foods in their daily diet. At the same time, the CFS would also like to urge the food trade on what efforts can be made for empowering consumers to make informed choices about high-risk foods.