Category Archives: Enterobacteriaceae

RASFF Alert- Enterobacteriaceae – Dog Chews

RASFF

Enterobacteria in dog chews from India in Spain

Italy- Blanched leaf spinach – Enterobacteriaceae

Salute

Brand : High quality frozen Pescasseroli

Name : Blanched leaf spinach

Reason for reporting : Recall due to microbiological risk

Publication date : 12 January 2024

Documentation

Documentation

Research – Hazards in Seafood Notified in the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) in 1996–2020

MDPI

Abstract

Seafood covering fish, crustaceans, molluscs and cephalopods is broadly recognised for its nutritional value and popularity, but it can pose some hazards to health to the potential consumer. The aim of the study was to analyse Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) notifications for seafood over the period 1996–2020 by hazard, year, product, notifying country, country of origin, notification type, notification basis, distribution status and action taken. The research applied cluster analysis using the joining and two-way joining methods. The main reported hazards were micro-organisms (ListeriaSalmonellaEscherichia coliVibrio, norovirus, mesophiles, Enterobacteriaceae and histamine), heavy metals (mercury and cadmium), veterinary products (nitrofuran, chloramphenicol and leucomalachite green), controls (poor temperature control and hygienic state), parasites (Anisakis) and additives/allergens (sulphite). The reported seafood products originated mainly from European and Asian countries and were notified on the basis of official or border controls, respectively. In order to minimize or eliminate risks, it is important to have the right activity of control authorities, appropriate legislation at the European and national levels and awareness at the different stages of the food chain.

RASFF Alert – Enterobacteriaceae – Poultry Meal

RASFF

Too high count of Enterobacteriaceae in poultry meal from Poland in Lithuania

Research – Biocide Tolerance and Impact of Sanitizer Concentrations on the Antibiotic Resistance of Bacteria Originating from Cheese

MDPI

Abstract

In this study, we determined and identified the bacterial diversity of different types of artisanal and industrially produced cheese. The antibiotic (erythromycin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, ampicillin, clindamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline, and gentamicin) and biocide (peracetic acid, sodium hypochlorite, and benzalkonium chloride) resistance of clinically relevant bacteria was determined as follows: Staphylococcus aureusMacrococcus caseolyticusBacillus sp., Kocuria variansEscherichia coliEnterococcus faecalisCitrobacter freundiiCitrobacter pasteuriiKlebsiella oxytocaKlebsiella michiganensisEnterobacter sp., Enterobacter cloacaeEnterobacter sichuanensisRaoultella ornithinolyticaShigella flexneri, and Salmonella enterica. Also, the effect of the sub-inhibitory concentration of three biocides on antibiotic resistance was determined. The microbiota of evaluated dairy products comprise diverse and heterogeneous groups of bacteria with respect to antibiotic and disinfectant tolerance. The results indicated that resistance was common in the case of ampicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and streptomycin. Bacillus sp. SCSSZT2/3, Enterococcus faecalis SRGT/1, E. coli SAT/1, Raoultella ornithinolytica MTT/5, and S. aureus SIJ/2 showed resistance to most antibiotics. The tested bacteria showed sensitivity to peracetic acid and a different level of tolerance to benzalkonium chloride and sodium hypochlorite. The inhibition zone diameter of antibiotics against Enterococcus faecalis SZT/2, S. aureus JS11, E. coli CSKO2, and Kocuria varians GRT/10 was affected only by the sub-inhibitory concentration of peracetic acid.

RASFF Alert- Enterobacteriaceae – Yoghurt

RASFF

Increased quantity of Enterobacteria in yogurt from Bosnia in Croatia and Sweden

Research – Microbiological Quality and Safety of Fresh Quail Meat at the Retail Level

MDPI

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality and safety of 37 fresh quail meats. Mesophiles, Pseudomonas spp., Enterobacteriaceae, and staphylococci counts were 5.25 ± 1.14, 3.92 ± 1.17, 3.09 ± 1.02, and 2.80 ± 0.64 log CFU/g, respectively. Listeria monocytogenes was detected in seven samples (18.92%). Campylobacter jejuni was detected in one sample (2.70%). Clostridium perfringens was not detected in any sample. The dominant bacteria were Pseudomonas spp. (30.46%), Micrococcaceae (19.87%), lactic acid bacteria (14.57%), and Enterobacteriaceae (11.92%). Brochotrix thermosphacta and enterococci were isolated to a lesser extent, 7.28% and 1.99%, respectively. The dominant Enterobacteriaceae found were Escherichia coli (42.53%). ESBL-producing E. coli was detected in one sample (2.70%), showing resistance to 16 antibiotics. Sixteen different Staphylococcus spp. and three Mammaliicoccus spp. were identified, the most common being S. cohnii (19.86%) and M. sciuri (17.02%). S. aureus and S. epidermidis were also found in one and four samples, respectively. Methicillin-resistant M. sciuri and S. warneri were found in 13.51% and 10.81% of quail samples, respectively. These bacteria showed an average of 6.20 and 18.50 resistances per strain, respectively. The high resistance observed in ESBL-producing E. coli and methicillin-resistant S. warneri is of special concern. Measures should be adopted to reduce the contamination of quail meat.

RASFF Alert- Pet Food -Enterobacteriaceae – Dog Chews

RASFF

Enterobacteriaceae in dog chews from Colombia, via Poland in Germany

RASFF Alert- Enterobacteriaceae –

RASFF

Presence of enterobacteria in nut fruit mix from Luxembourg in France

Research – Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and Enterobacteriaceae Control at a Pig Abattoir: Are We Missing Lairage Time Effect, Pig Skin, and Internal Carcass Surface Contamination?

MDPI

Abstract

To provide meat safety and consumer protection, appropriate hygiene control measures at an abattoir are required. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of visual fecal contamination level (VFCL) and lairage time (LT) on pig skin (PS) and external (ECS) and internal (ICS) carcass surfaces. The presence of EnterobacteriaceaeEscherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella in PS, ECS, and ICS were evaluated. A total of 300 paired samples were collected from 100 pigs. Results underlined the importance of the skin (Enterobacteriaceae: 3.27 ± 0.68 log CFU/cm2E. coli: 3.15 ± 0.63 log CFU/cm2Salmonella: 21% of samples) as a direct or indirect source of carcass contamination. Although VFCL revealed no significant effect (p > 0.05), the increase of LT had a significant impact (p < 0.001) on Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli levels across all analysed surfaces, and Salmonella presence on ICS (p < 0.01), demanding attention to LT. Also, the ICS showed a higher level of these bacteria compared to ECS. These results highlight the need of food business operators to consider ICS as an alternative area to sample for Salmonella, as a criterion for process hygiene based on EC Regulation No. 2073/2005, and as a potential contamination source to be integrated in the hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) plans.