Category Archives: Campylobacter jejuni

RASFF Alert- Campylobacter/Staphylococcus – Grilled Chicken

RASFF

Staphylococcus spp. and Campylobacter jejuni in grilled chicken from the Netherlands in Germany

USA – Campylobacter Outbreak linked to Raw Milk in Washington

Food Poison Journal

In mid-July 2024, 2 Washington residents in different counties were infected with the same, highly related strain of Campylobacter jejuni. Both drank Jim’s Jerseys raw milk produced by Old Silvana Creamery (Arlington, WA) shortly before becoming ill.

Raw milk is a high-risk food for causing illness because it is not heat treated (pasteurized) to kill germs that can make people sick. Campylobacter jejuni and other bacteria may naturally be in cattle manure which can contaminate milk during production.

USA – Washington investigation shows people became sick after drinking unpasteurized, raw milk

Food Safety News

It has been found that two people in Washington drank raw milk from Jim’s Jerseys before becoming infected with Campylobacter jejuni.

The patients became ill in July after drinking the unpasteurized milk produced by Old Silvana Creamery located in Arlington, WA, according to the Washington State Department of Health.

“Raw milk is a high-risk food for causing illness because it is not heat treated (pasteurized) to kill germs that can make people sick. Campylobacter jejuni and other bacteria may naturally be in cattle manure which can contaminate milk during production. . . Consumers who drink milk are encouraged to drink only pasteurized milk.” according to the health department.

Research – Campylobacter jejuni in Vacuum Packaged Processed Turkey

Science Direct

This study evaluated the effect of vacuum packaged storage at 4°C upon survival of Campylobacter jejuni in processed turkey roll and turkey ham. Turkey ham and turkey roll samples were sliced, inoculated with C. jejuni, vacuum packaged, and stored at 4°C for up to 28 d. Three different strains of C. jejuni were evaluated. After appropriate incubation, the inoculated samples were analyzed for culturable C. jejuni. Control samples were analyzed for aerobic plate count and enterococci. Culturable C. jejuni decreased significantly during vacuum packaged storage at 4°C over time (P<0.05). A significant difference in viability existed between the three test strains used (P<0.05). Higher levels of C. jejuni were detected in the turkey roll than the turkey ham. Aerobic plate counts and enterococci increased significantly during storage (P<0.05) providing competition for C. jejuni. Though survival of C. jejuni decreased over time, greater than 500 viable cells per gram were detected with some strains for up to 28 d.

Research – Development of Predictive Modelling for Removal of Multispecies Biofilms of Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli, and Campylobacter jejuni from Poultry Slaughterhouse Surfaces

MDPI

Abstract

Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli, and Campylobacter jejuni are among the most common foodborne pathogens worldwide, and poultry products are strongly associated with foodborne pathogen outbreaks. These pathogens are capable of producing biofilms on several surfaces used in the food processing industry, including polyethylene and stainless steel. However, studies on multi-species biofilms are rare. Therefore, this study aimed to develop predictive mathematical models to simulate the adhesion and removal of multispecies biofilms. All combinations of microorganisms resulted in biofilm formation with differences in bacterial counts. E. coli showed the greatest ability to adhere to both surfaces, followed by S. Enteritidis and C. jejuni. The incubation time and temperature did not influence adhesion. Biofilm removal was effective with citric acid and benzalkonium chloride but not with rhamnolipid. Among the generated models, 46 presented a significant coefficient of determination (R2), with the highest R2 being 0.88. These results provide support for the poultry industry in creating biofilm control and eradication programs to avoid the risk of contamination of poultry meat.

Research – Decontamination of egg-associated pathogens by plasma-activated water and hydrogen peroxide

Wiley Online

Abstract

This study investigated the effectiveness of plasma-activated water (PAW) and plasma-activated hydrogen peroxide (PAHP) in reducing egg-associated pathogens. The antimicrobial activity of these solutions against Salmonella Enteritidis, Campylobacter jejuni, and Staphylococcus aureus on eggs was evaluated at different plasma treatment durations. The results demonstrated that increasing the duration of plasma treatment enhanced the antimicrobial efficacy of both PAW and PAHP. The bacterial counts of the egg-associated pathogens significantly decreased from 7.61, 7.59, and 7.54 log (CFU/egg) to 5.4 and 3.09, 5.36 and 3.11, and 5.08 and 3.73 log (CFU/egg) for PAW and PAHP, respectively. The characteristics of the plasma solutions, including electrical conductivity, pH, H2O2, NO3¯, and NO2¯, synergistically acted as antimicrobial agents in both PAW and PAHP treatments. The storage study revealed that PAHP treatment had no adverse effects on the eggs’ pH, albumen and yolk color, Haugh unit, and yolk index. However, it did result in reduced eggshell strength and compromised cuticle integrity. Overall, this study demonstrates the successful application of PAW and PAHP in effectively inhibiting egg-associated pathogens while preserving essential egg quality attributes. Further research is needed to optimize the treatment conditions and investigate the long-term effects of PAW and PAHP on eggs in larger-scale applications. This research contributes to developing innovative and sustainable approaches for enhancing the safety and quality of eggs in the food industry.

Research – Officials find contaminated food played role in Guillain-Barré outbreak

Food Safety News

Consumption of poorly prepared food has been identified as a factor in a fatal Guillain-Barré outbreak in Guatemala.

Findings come from the results of case control studies announced by the Ministry of Public Health and Social Assistance (MSPAS) and the Guatemalan Institute of Social Security (IGSS).

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare disorder where the body’s immune system damages nerves. The cause is not fully understood but the syndrome often follows infection with a virus or bacteria. Infection with Campylobacter jejuni, which causes gastroenteritis, including symptoms of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, is one of the most common risk factors for GBS.

RASFF Alert- Campylobacter – Fresh Organic Chicken

RASFF

Campylobacter jejuni in fresh organic chicken breast fillet from Austria in Germany

UK – Waitrose points to ‘external factors’ for high Campylobacter results

Food Safety News

The Waitrose grocery chain blamed factors outside the control of the retailer and its supply base for poor Campylobacter in chicken results.

The Food Standards Agency (FSA) maximum target level is up to 7 percent of birds with more than 1,000 colony-forming units per gram (CFU/g) of Campylobacter.

Waitrose and Partners reported that 7.1 percent of chickens tested positive for Campylobacter above 1,000 CFU/g from October to December 2023.

Data from the retailers covers the second half of 2023 on high findings of Campylobacter in fresh, shop-bought, UK-produced chickens.

The Sainsbury’s chain has joined retailer Tesco in stopping publishing related data.

“The safety of our products is extremely important to us and we have a range of processes in place to monitor and limit levels of Campylobacter in our fresh chicken. We have consistently achieved the FSA target for Campylobacter levels for several years, so we will no longer be formally reporting on this,” said a Sainsbury’s spokesperson.

Sainsbury’s Campylobacter results for Q2 2023 showed that 1 percent of chickens had levels above 1,000 CFU/g compared to 3 percent in Q1.

Aldi has not updated its related webpage or provided the figures when Food Safety News asked it to do so. The latest data from Q4 2022 shows that 1.7 percent of chickens had levels above 1,000 CFU/g.

Co-op reported chickens contaminated at levels greater than 1,000 CFU/g for the first time since Q3 2021. In Q3 2023, 3.5 percent were above 1,000 CFU/g; in Q4, the figure was 2.6 percent.

Lidl recorded 4 percent of birds in the highest category from July to September and above 2 percent from October to December 2023. The figures were almost 2 percent in the highest category from April to June and 4 percent from January to March.

Marks and Spencer had 1 percent of samples in the top threshold in July, none in August, and 4 percent in September from 376 samples. The retailer also had 3 percent above 1,000 CFU/g in October, none in November, and 3.85 percent in December.

Marks and Spencer had no samples at the highest level from April to June. It also had none above 1,000 CFU/g in January and 1 percent each in February and March 2023 from 376 samples.

Asda reported that 2.42 percent of samples were above 1,000 CFU/g in the third quarter of 2023 and 3.33 percent in the fourth quarter. This compares to 3.6 percent in the first quarter and 3.5 percent in the second quarter.

Morrisons had no chickens contaminated above 1,000 CFU/g for both quarters, compared to 2.3 percent from April to June and 2.4 percent from January to March 2023.

Read in full at the link above.

UK Research – Campylobacter data 2013 to 2022

Gov UK

Main points for 2022

The 2022 report shows that:

  • the number of reported Campylobacter cases in England decreased from 55,642 cases in 2021 to 54,461 cases in 2022, a decrease of 1,181 cases
  • the region that reported the highest number of Campylobacter laboratory reports was the South East with 9,540 reports; however, the region with the highest rate per 100,000 population was the North East with 133.3 per 100,000.
  • overall, 54% of Campylobacter laboratory-confirmed cases in England were male
  • the age group with the highest number of laboratory reports was the 50 to 59 year old age category
  • consistent with previous years’ 5-year median, in 2022 Campylobacter reporting peaked in the month of June
  • species was only reported for 23% of laboratory reports, the majority of which were Campylobacter jejuni (20% of all cases)