Category Archives: Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Research – Public health aspects of Vibrio spp. related to the consumption of seafood in the EU

EFSA

Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus and non- O1/non- O139 Vibrio cholerae are the Vibrio spp. of highest relevance for public health in the EU through seafood consumption. Infection with V. parahaemolyticus is associated with the haemolysins thermostable direct haemolysin (TDH) and TDH-related haemolysin (TRH)and mainly leads to acute gastroenteritis. V. vulnificus infections can lead to sepsis and death in susceptible individuals. V. cholerae non- O1/non- O139 can cause mild gastroenteritis or lead to severe infections, including sepsis, in susceptible individuals. The pooled prevalence estimate in seafood is 19.6% (95% CI 13.7–27.4),6.1% (95% CI 3.0–11.8) and 4.1% (95% CI 2.4–6.9) for V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus and non-choleragenic V. cholerae, respectively. Approximately one out of five V. parahaemolyticus-positive samples contain pathogenic strains. A large spectrum of antimicrobial resistances, some of which are intrinsic, has been found in vibrios isolated from seafood or food-borne infections in Europe. Genes conferring resistance to medically important antimicrobials and associated with mobile genetic elements are increasingly detected in vibrios. Temperature and salinity are the most relevant drivers for Vibrio abundance in the aquatic environment. It is anticipated that the occurrence and levels of the relevant Vibrio spp. in seafood will increase in response to coastal warming and extreme weather events, especially in low-salinity/brackish waters. While some measures, like high-pressure processing, irradiation or depuration reduce the levels of Vibrio spp. in seafood, maintaining the cold chain is important to prevent their growth. Available risk assessments ad-dressed V. parahaemolyticus in various types of seafood and V. vulnificus in raw oysters and octopus. A quantitative microbiological risk assessment relevant in an EU context would be V. parahaemolyticus in bivalve molluscs (oysters), evaluating the effect of mitigations, especially in a climate change scenario. Knowledge gaps related to Vibrio spp. in seafood and aquatic environments are identified and future research needs are prioritised.

RASFF Alert- Vibrio parahaemolyticus – Frozen Prawns

RASFF

Vibrio parahaemolyticus in frozen prawns from Vietnam in France

RASFF Alerts- Vibrio spp – Frozen Prawns- Shrimps

RASFF

Vibrio parahaemolyticus in frozen prawns from Vietnam in France

RASFF

Vibrio vulnificus in shrimps from Vietnam in France

Research – New test developed to rapidly detect seafood pathogen

New Food Magazine

Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences researchers have developed a rapid detection method for seafood pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus, which has the potential to significantly reduce the risk of foodborne illness from seafood.

The new platform, leveraging recombinant polymerase amplification (RPA) and the CRISPR/Cas12a system combined with an immunochromatographic test strip (ICS), offers a low-cost, simple and visually intuitive solution for the rapid detection of this pathogen in seafood.

Research – Biocontrol of multidrug resistant pathogens isolated from fish farms using silver nanoparticles combined with hydrogen peroxide insight to its modulatory effect

Nature

This study was divided into two parts. The first part involved the isolation, and detection of the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profile of Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Vibrio species from Nile tilapia fish and marine aquatic water. One hundred freshly dead Nile tilapia fish were collected from freshwater aquaculture fish farms located in Al-Abbassah district, Sharkia Governorate, and 100 samples of marine aquatic water were collected from fish farms in Port Said. The second part of the study focused on determining the in vitro inhibitory effect of dual-combination of AgNPs-H2O2 on bacterial growth and its down regulatory effect on crucial virulence factors using RT-PCR. The highest levels of A. hydrophila and P. aeruginosa were detected in 43%, and 34% of Nile tilapia fish samples, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest level of Vibrio species was found in 37% of marine water samples. Additionally, most of the isolated A. hydrophila, P. aeruginosa and Vibrio species exhibited a multi-drug resistance profile. The MIC and MBC results indicated a bactericidal effect of AgNPs-H2O2. Furthermore, a transcriptional modulation effect of AgNPs-H2O2 on the virulence-associated genes resulted in a significant down-regulation of aerA, exoU, and trh genes in A. hydrophila, P. aeruginosa, and Vibrio spp., respectively. The findings of this study suggest the effectiveness of AgNPs-H2O2 against drug resistant pathogens related to aquaculture.

Hong Kong – Food Safety Files – High risk food – Raw Shrimp Sashimi

CFS

Hong Kong people like delicious food and sashimi is probably one of the most popular foods in recent years. Due to a high market demand, sashimi is available not only in Japanese restaurants, but also in restaurants providing South-East Asian foods. Sashimi is eaten raw and improper preparation and excessive intake can lead to food poisoning. As sashimi is a high risk food, the Food and Environmental Hygiene Department (FEHD) has stringent licensing requirements for food premises preparing and selling sashimi in Hong Kong.

Marine shrimps are commonly used in shrimp sashimi. Their shells are easily contaminated by pathogens, like Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholera. The link above explains why the risk of eating raw shrimp is high. In order to reduce the risk, the public should pay extra attention on the tips in the link.

Research – Assessing Biofilm Formation and Resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus on UV-Aged Microplastics in Aquatic Environments

Science Direct

Abstract

UV degradation of marine microplastics (MPs) could increase their vector potential for pathogenic bacteria and threaten human health. However, little is known about how the degree of UV aging affects interactions between MPs and pathogens and how various types of MPs differ in their impact on seafood safety. This study investigated five types of UV-aged MPs and their impact on Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a seafood pathogen. MPs exposed to UV for 60 days showed similar physicochemical changes such as surface cracking and hydrophobicity reduction. Regardless of the type, longer UV exposure of MPs resulted in more biofilm formation on the surface under the same conditions. V. parahaemolyticus types that formed biofilms on the MP surface showed 1.4- to 5.0-fold upregulation of virulence-related genes compared to those that did not form biofilms, independently of UV exposure. However, longer UV exposure increased resistance of V. parahaemolyticus on MPs to chlorine, heat, and human gastrointestinal environment. This study implies that the more UV degradation occurs on MPs, the more microbial biofilm formation is induced, which can significantly increase virulence and environmental resistance of bacteria regardless of the type of MP.

USA – FDA Advises Restaurants and Retailers Not to Serve or Sell and Consumers Not to Eat Certain Oysters from Fanny Bay Oysters Potentially Containing High Levels of Vibrio parahaemolyticus

FDA

Audience

  • Restaurants and food retailers in California and Washington (and possibly other states) that have recently purchased oysters harvested by Fanny Bay Oysters based in British Columbia, Canada.
  • Consumers in California and Washington (and possibly other states) who have recently purchased oysters from Fanny Bay Oysters based in British Columbia, Canada.

Product

  • Certain oysters from Fanny Bay Oysters, harvested on 10/17/2023, from harvest area 14-8, Landfile #278757, with final harvest/process dates of 10/25/2023 and 10/26/2023. The implicated products include Small and Xsmall Sunseeker Oysters with Lot Number 38336 and wet storage lot numbers (W/S Lot #) w72297 and w72240. The oysters were distributed to restaurants and retailers in California and Washington and may have been distributed to other states as well.

Purpose

The FDA is advising restaurants and food retailers not to sell and to dispose of oysters and consumers not to eat oysters from Fanny Bay Oysters based in British Columbia, Canada harvested on 10/17/2023 from harvest area 14-8 Landfile #278757 and shipped to distributors in California and Washington due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus test results.

Oysters with high levels of Vibrio parahaemolyticus can cause illness if eaten raw, and potentially severe illness in people with compromised immune systems. Food containing Vibrio parahaemolyticus may look, smell, and taste normal. Consumers of these products who are experiencing symptoms of Vibrio parahaemolyticus should contact their healthcare provider and report their symptoms to their local Health Department. Diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, fever, and bloody diarrhea may be associated with gastroenteritis infections caused by this organism.

Summary of Problem and Scope

On October 30, 2023, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) advised the FDA of a recall of certain oysters due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus test results. The recall includes oysters from Fanny Bay Oysters, harvested on 10/17/2023 from harvest area 14-8, Landfile #278757. There are no known related illnesses at this time.

FDA Actions

The FDA is issuing this alert advising restaurants and food retailers not to sell and consumers not to eat oysters from Fanny Bay Oysters harvested on 10/17/2023 from harvest area 14-8, Landfile #278757 due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus test results. The FDA is awaiting further information on distribution of the oysters harvested and will continue to monitor the investigation and provide assistance to state authorities as needed. As new information becomes available, the FDA will update the safety alert.

Recommendations for Consumers

Consumers who have symptoms should contact their health care provider to report their symptoms and receive care.

To report a complaint or adverse event (illness or serious allergic reaction), you can

Visit www.fda.gov/fcic for additional consumer and industry assistance.

Canada – Taylor Shellfish Canada ULC / Fanny Bay Oysters brand Oysters recalled due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus

CFIA

Summary

Product
Oysters
Issue
Food – Microbial Contamination – Vibrio parahaemolyticus
What to do

Do not use, sell, serve or distribute the affected products.

Audience
Hotels, restaurants and institutions
Retail
Distribution
Alberta
British Columbia
Ontario
Quebec

Issue

Taylor Shellfish Canada ULC / Fanny Bay Oysters brand Oysters recalled due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

RASFF Alerts – Vibrio parahaemolyticus/cholerae – Shrimps – Oysters – Mussels –

RASFF

Vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters from France in Switzerland

RASFF

Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae in mitilus galloprovincialis from Spain in Italy

RASFF

Vibrio cholerae in shrimps from Ecuador in Portugal

RASFF

Vibrio cholerae in shrimps from Ecuador in Portugal

RASFF

Vibrio parahaemolyticus in oysters from France in Belgium, Netherlands, Germany and Ireland