Category Archives: Foodborne Illness

USA – Salmonella Outbreak at a Funeral Home

Food Safety NewsSalmonella

At least 36 people who attended a funeral in western Alabama on July 6 have fallen ill with Salmonella infections, reported the Alabama Department of Public Health Wednesday.

The funeral was held at Eastern Star Baptist Church in York, AL, and was attended by at least 100 people, according to a press release from ADPH.

Of those known to have been sickened, 30 were hospitalized in 9 different states, including Alabama, California, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Kansas, Michigan, Missouri and Oklahoma.

The health department’s investigation into the outbreak began June 8 after a local hospital reported that 25 people had come in late on July 6 and into the following day complaining of fever, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting.

USA – Shigella Outbreak Traced to Lake Water

Food Safety News220px-Shigella_stool

The 750 feet of developed beachfront at Rhode Island’s Spring Lake is scattered with volleyball courts, paddle boats, canoes, food concessions and an entertainment arcade.  That beach, located in Burrillville, did not host the crowd of 2,000 that usually attend its Fourth of July festivities. Instead, days earlier, 92 people who entered the water at Spring Lake left sickened by Shigella bacteria.

The Shigella outbreak sent 16 people to area hospitals and by Sunday forced state officials to close the lake to swimmers.  Shigella causes gastrointestinal symptoms, but the illnesses are usually not severe.

USA Research – Listeriosis in the Elderly

Food Poisoning Bulletin

Listeria monocytogenes isn’t one of the most common causes of food poisoning, but it is one of the most deadly. Some segments of the population are at special risk. About 90 percent of people who develop Listeria infections fall into three groups, pregnant women, seniors and those with weakened immune systems.

Paul’s story is featured on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’S) website. Paul was a World War II veteran who had received two Purple Hearts. At 92, he was active and in good health when he got listeriosis from eating tainted cantaloupe in September 2011. He died three months later, leaving behind his wife Rosellen of 68 years, five children, nine grandchildren, and 10 great grandchildren.

Research – Norovirus – Surfaces – Handlers – DIsinfectants

Ingenta ConnectEurofins

Human infective noroviruses (NoVs) are a worldwide leading cause of foodborne illness and are frequently spread via infected food handlers preparing and manipulating food products such as deli sandwiches. The objective of the current study was to determine the efficiencies whereby NoV could be transferred between surfaces associated with the preparation of manually prepared foods such as deli sandwiches. Nonfood surfaces included gloves and stainless steel discs, and boiled ham, lettuce, and a sandwich bun were the ingredients of the deli sandwich. Both NoV GII.4 and the murine NoV 1 (MNV-1, a cultivable human NoV surrogate) were included in the presented study. Transfer of NoV GII.4 and MNV-1 between surfaces was performed by pressing an inoculated donor surface against an acceptor surface. To evaluate the effect of subsequent contact, donor surfaces were pressed a second time to an identical acceptor surface. Subsequently, NoV GII.4 and MNV-1 were detected using real-time reverse transcription PCR assays and plaque assays, respectively. Transfer of both viruses from gloves to stainless steel was inefficient, and virus transfer from food products to stainless steel occurred with more variability for NoV GII.4 than for MNV-1. Virus transfer from the stainless steel discs to the gloves was substantially more efficient than from the gloves to the stainless steel. NoV GII.4 and MNV-1 transfer from food products to the gloves occurred with varying efficiencies, although this variation was more evident for NoV GII.4. The MNV-1 inoculum was significantly less efficiently transferred to the acceptor surface at the second contact, which was not the case for NoV GII.4. The obtained transfer efficiency data may provide insights into the transfer of NoV during preparation of foods and can be included in risk assessment models describing the transmission of NoVs in this context.

Ingenta Connect

Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the most common cause of acute viral gastroenteritis worldwide and are a leading cause of foodborne disease. Their environmental persistence and purported resistance to disinfection undoubtedly contribute to their success as foodborne disease agents. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of three commonly used disinfectant active ingredients against representative HuNoV strains and cultivable surrogates. Ethanol (50, 70, and 90%), sodium hypochlorite (5, 75, 250, 500, and 1,000 ppm), and a quaternary ammonium compound blend (at 0.1×, 1.0×, and 10× concentrations) were evaluated against two norovirus (NoV) genogroup II strains (GII.2 and GII.4) and two surrogates (feline calicivirus [FCV] and murine norovirus [MNV-1]). Virucidal suspension assays (30-s exposure) were conducted in accordance with ASTM International standard E-1052. Virus inactivation was quantified using reverse transcription quantitative PCR targeting the ORFI-ORFII junction (HuNoV), the RNA polymerase region (MNV-1), or the ORFI region (FCV); infectivity assays were also performed for MNV-1 and FCV. The two HuNoV strains and FCV were relatively resistant to ethanol (<0.5 log inactivation) irrespective of concentration, but MNV-1 was much more susceptible (log inactivation, ∼2.0 log at higher ethanol concentrations). Both HuNoV strains were more resistant to hypochlorite than were either of the animal surrogates, with the human strains requiring ≥500 ppm of hypochlorite to achieve statistically significant reduction (≥3.0 log) in virus concentration. All four viruses were resistant to inactivation (<0.5-log reduction) using the quaternary ammonium compound formulation at all concentrations tested. This study is novel in that it clearly demonstrates the relative ineffectiveness of common active disinfectant ingredients against HuNoV and highlights the fact that the cultivable surrogates do not always mimic HuNoV strains.

World Update – Hepatitis A in Frozen Berries

Food Safety News

Almost 600 Sick from Hepatitis A in Frozen Berries in 3 outbreaks in the USA, Northern Italy and Northern Europe

As the case count for Hepatitis A linked to Townsend Farms Organic Antioxidant Blend reaches 140, outbreaks in Northern Italy and Northern Europe have sickened 352 and 103 respectively. All linked to frozen mixed berries.

Australia – Norovirus and Gastroenteritis Advice

Australian GovernmentNorwalk_Caspid

Guidelines for the public health management of gastroenteritis outbreaks due to
norovirus or suspected viral agents in Australia

Better Health Channel

Gastroenteritis (gastro) is an illness triggered by the infection and inflammation of the digestive system. Symptoms include abdominal cramps, diarrhoea and vomiting. Some of the causes include viruses, bacteria, bacterial toxins, parasites, particular chemicals and some drugs. The main complication of gastroenteritis is dehydration, but this can be prevented if the fluid lost in vomit and diarrhoea is replaced.

USA – Cyclospora Outbreak

Livewell Nebraska220px-Cyclospora_cayetanensis_stained

Fourteen more cases of cyclospora infection were reported Friday to Nebraska and Iowa public health officials, adding to the 12 that had come in over the past several days.

Officials still are trying to determine the source of the Cyclospora cayetanensis parasite, which causes an intestinal infection called cyclosporiasis. They’re telling physicians to be aware of the illness and to test specifically for the parasite

The new Nebraska cases appear to be from the eastern part of the state, as did the earlier cases, according to a spokeswoman for the Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services. Most of the new Iowa cases were from central and eastern Iowa, said Dr. Patricia Quinlisk, medical director of the Iowa Department of Public Health. One case, she said, involved an Iowan who was tested in Omaha.

Cyclospora is spread by people ingesting food or water that is contaminated with feces. People living or traveling in tropical or subtropical regions of the world may be at increased risk for infection because cyclosporiasis is found in those areas. Foodborne outbreaks of the illness in the U.S. have been linked to various types of imported fresh produce, such as raspberries, basil, snow peas and mesclun lettuce.

People need to wash all fresh produce, health officials said.

The symptoms of cyclospora infection can last for weeks in otherwise healthy people. They include fatigue, lack of appetite, nausea, abdominal cramping and a low-grade fever.

People with compromised immune symptoms will have more severe and longer-lasting symptoms

What is cyclospora?

Cyclospora cayetanensis is a parasite made of one cell, too small to be seen without a microscope. This parasite causes an intestinal infection called cyclosporiasis.

How is cyclospora spread?

Cyclospora is spread by people ingesting something, such as food or water, that is contaminated with feces. Cyclospora needs days to weeks after being passed in a bowel movement to become infectious for another person. Therefore, it is unlikely that cyclospora is passed directly from one person to another.

Who is at risk for cyclospora infection?

People living or traveling in tropical or subtropical regions of the world may be at increased risk for infection because cyclosporiasis is found in some countries in the zones. In the United States, food-borne outbreaks of cyclosporiasis have been linked to various types of imported fresh produce.

What should I do if I think I might be infected with cyclospora?

See your health care provider.

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

 

USA – Listeria Outbreak in Cheese Updates

Food Poisoning Bulletin

The Minnesota Department of Health has released information about the multistate Listeria outbreak linked to recalled Crave Brothers soft cheeses. Two people in Minnesota have been sickened in this outbreak. Both were older adults who became ill in early June; one of them has died.

Food Poisoning Bulletin

Two Illinois restaurants served the Crave Brothers soft French cheeses that have been linked to a multistate Listeria outbreak. Girl & The Goat in Chicago, and the Hilton Hotel in Chicago sold the recalled cheese. Anyone who ate Les Frères, Petit Frère, or Petit Frère with Truffles at those restaurants may be at risk for developing listeriosis, a serious disease.

Food Poisoning Bulletin

To date, two Minnesota residents have contracted Listeria food poisoning (listeriosis) after eating Les Freres cheese produced by Crave Brothers Farmstead Cheese Company. One of Minnesota victim died. Prompted by this outbreak, Crave Brothers issued a recall of some of its cheese products, including Les Freres (LF225 2/2.5#), Petit Frère (PF88 8/8 oz) and Petit Frère with Truffles (PF88T 8/8 oz), all with a make date of 7-1-13 or earlier.

Food Poisoning Bulletin

A premier Minnesota restaurant, Butcher & The Boar, is the only restaurant in the state named by Crave Brothers Farmstead Cheese Company as a recipient of soft cheese associated with a deadly outbreak of listeriosis. Whole Foods Markets, Lunds, Byerlys, Rainbow, Kowalski’s and other grocery retailers also sold the cheese, as did restaurants in Wisconsin and Illinois. The recalled gourmet cheese has been associated with a Listeria death in Minnesota, a second Minnesota illness and individual cases of listeriosis in Illinois, Indiana and Ohio. All five people were hospitalized and one infection in a pregnant woman resulted in miscarriage.

Food Posioning Bulletin

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has joined the investigation by the Minnesota Department of Health into the Listeria outbreak linked to Crave Brothers Farmstead Cheeses. The company recalled three types of its cheeses on July 3, 2013 after an outbreak was announced. At least five people have been sickened in four states; one person in Minnesota has died and a woman has suffered a miscarriage.

 

Research – Everything you Wanted to Know About Listeria

Food Poisoning JournalEurofins Food Testing UK

This article gives some useful information on Listeria.

USA – Cheese – Listeria monocytogenes – Death and Miscarriage

Listeria BlogEurofins Food Testing UK

Les Freres cheese is distributed by Crave Brothers Farmstead Classics, a Wisconsin producer.  Crave Brothers cheese is sold at some of the Midwest restaurants, including Girl and the Goat in Chicago, Wild Rice in Bayfield, Wisconsin, and Butcher and the Boar in Minneapolis. In the Twin Cities, it is also sold at grocery stores such as Lunds, Byerly’s and Kowalski’s.  The products were distributed nationwide through retail and foodservice outlets as well as by mail orders.

According to the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), two older adults in Minnesota got sick in early June after eating the cheese, and one later died.

The outbreak has sickened at least four others in three states, according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).  In addition to Minnesota, the other states involved are Illinois, Indiana and Ohio.  One of the cases was a pregnant woman who suffered a miscarriage.

All of those sickened were infected with the same strain of listeriosis, the FDA said.