Category Archives: Food Poisoning

USA – Live Chick Salmonella Outbreak Continues

Food Safety News104px-More_chicks

Two separate outbreaks linked to live baby poultry are sickening people across the country, according to two announcements from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Friday.

RASFF Alerts – Salmonella in Feeds

RASFF – Salmonella spp. (presence /25g) in fish meal from Mauritania in Denmark

RASFF – Salmonella spp. (presence /25g) in cotton seeds (Gossypium hirsutum) from Ghana in Italy

RASFF – Salmonella (presence /25g) and high count of Enterobacteriaceae (930; 10000; 760 CFU/100g) in fish flour from Mauritius in Italy

RASFF – Salmonella (presence /25g) and high count of Enterobacteriaceae (5000; 7400; CFU/g) in fish meal from Mauritania in Denmark

USA – E.coli O121 Outbreaks Expands

Food Poisoning BulletinEcoli Istock

The E. coli O121 outbreak linked to Farm Rich brand frozen food products has grown again to include 35 people in 19 states. Nine people have been hospitalized in this outbreak, and no deaths have been reported. Two patients have developed hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). The outbreak has grown from 32 people since the last update in late April.

USA – Advice “Keep Listeria Out of Your Kitchen”

FDA

If you eat food contaminated with bacteria called Listeria, you could get so sick that you have to be hospitalized. And for certain vulnerable people, the illness could be fatal.

Contaminated food can bring Listeria into the home. Unlike most bacteria, Listeria germs can grow and spread in the refrigerator. So if you unknowingly refrigerate Listeria-contaminated food, the germs not only multiply at the cool temperature, they could contaminate your refrigerator and spread to other foods there, increasing the likelihood that you and your family will become sick.

Those most at risk for listeriosis—the illness caused by Listeria monocytogenes—include pregnant women, older adults and people with compromised immune systems and certain chronic medical conditions (such as HIV/AIDS, cancer, diabetes, kidney disease, and transplant patients). In pregnant women, listeriosis can cause miscarriage, stillbirth, and serious illness or death in newborn babies.

USA – Fruit Juice – Clostridium botulinum

Botulism BlogClost

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is warning consumers not to consume any juice products or other beverages from Juices Incorporated (aka Juices International and Juices Enterprises) of Brooklyn, N.Y. The company’s carrot and beet juice products have the potential to be contaminated with Clostridium botulinum, a bacterium which can cause botulism, a serious and potentially fatal foodborne illness. Consumers are warned not to consume these products even if they do not look or smell spoiled.

USA – Update Salmonella – Cucumber Outbreak

Food Safety Newscucumber

An outbreak of Salmonella Saintpaul linked to imported cucumbers has sickened at least 81 people in 18 states, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

That’s up from the 78 illnesses CDC reported April 25. The number of patients hospitalized as a result of their infections has risen from 14 to 16 since that time.

The updated number of victims, by state, is as follows: Arizona (11), California (28), Colorado (1), Idaho (2), Illinois (3), Louisiana (1), Massachusetts (1), Maryland (1), Minnesota (9), Nevada (1), New Mexico (2), North Carolina (3), Ohio (3), Oregon (2), South Dakota (2), Texas (6), Virginia (3) and Wisconsin (2).

The first outbreak victim fell ill on January 12 of this year, and the latest known illness onset was April 19. However, health officials note that illnesses with an onset date of April 7 or later may not have been reported yet.

USA – Texas E.coli O157:H7 Outbreak

Food Safety News

Health investigators in Texas’ Brazos County are looking into eight possible infections of E. coli O157:H7 they suspect may be linked to food.

The Brazos County Health Department has confirmed five of the illnesses, and investigators believe another three patients are infected with the same strain of bacteria.

Two related children under the age of five have been hospitalized at Texas Children’s Hospital in Houston for the past week, The Eagle reports. The other six cases are adults and were not hospitalized.

Investigators are still searching for a possible outbreak source, saying that the patients did not eat at the same restaurant.

UK – Cotswold Farm – Cryptosporidium

Wilts and Glous Standard763px-Cryptosporidium_parvum_01

FIVE visitors to Countryfile presenter Adam Henson’s farm in the Cotswolds and one member of staff are being treated for the intestinal infection cryptosporidium.

Public Health England (PHE) is working closely with the Health and Safety Executive, Cotswold District Council, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA) and Cotswold Farm Park to investigate the outbreak at Cotswold Farm Park, Guiting Power, near Bourton-on-the-Water.

Everyone affected is recovering well at home and the farm park has put in extra measures to reduce the risk of infection to visitors over the coming bank holiday Monday.

W.H.O – Report on Campylobacter

WHOCampylobacter

On 9–11 July 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO), in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), convened an Expert Consultation on The Global View of Campylobacteriosis, in Utrecht, Netherlands.

The objectives of the Consultation were:

To review the progress made in the past 10 years in understanding and controlling Campylobacteriosis, take note of successful approaches and lessons learned, and identify challenges in controlling Campylobacter from farm to table and in reducing the human health burden and attributable health consequences;

To consider cross-cutting areas, such as food- and waterborne Campylobacteriosis and antimicrobial resistance, taking into account the context of both high-income countries and low- and middleincome countries (LMIC);

To suggest how WHO, FAO and OIE could take action to reduce Campylobacter in the food chain and the burden of foodborne Campylobacteriosis.

Research – Antimicrobials – Listeria – Sampling Plans and Clustering

Science Direct

The present study investigated the efficacy of sub-inhibitory concentrations (SICs, concentrations not inhibiting bacterial growth) and bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of four, generally recognized as safe (GRAS), plant-derived antimicrobials (PDAs) in inhibiting Listeria monocytogenes (LM) biofilm formation and inactivating mature LM biofilms, at 37, 25 and 4°C on polystyrene plates and stainless-steel coupons. In addition, the effect of SICs of PDAs on the expression of LM genes critical for biofilm synthesis was determined by real-time quantitative PCR. The PDAs and their SICs used for inhibition of biofilm were trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC 0.50, 0.75 mM), carvacrol (CR 0.50, 0.65 mM), thymol (TY 0.33, 0.50 mM), and eugenol (EG 1.8, 2.5 mM), whereas the PDA concentrations used for inactivating mature biofilms were 5.0 and 10.0 mM (TC, CR), 3.3 and 5.0 mM (TY), 18.5 and 25.0 mM (EG). All PDAs inhibited biofilm synthesis and inactivated fully formed LM biofilms on both matrices at three temperatures tested (P<0.05). Real-time quantitative PCR data revealed that all PDAs down-regulated critical LM biofilm-associated genes (P<0.05). Results suggest that TC, CR, TY, and EG could potentially be used to control LM biofilms in food processing environments, although further studies under commercial settings are necessary.

Science Direct

As in many cases, pathogenic microorganisms contaminate the food material as clusters or group of individual cells; the effectiveness of sampling plans based on mixture distributions representing bacterial agglomeration was assessed. In general, sampling plans that do not take into account such consideration lead to higher probabilities of accepting defective lots. Since quite often no scientific data are available in order to determine the degree of over-dispersion or clustering of the target microorganisms, in this theoretical study we compare the variance-to-mean ratio and the reciprocal of the exponent k of the negative binomial distribution (NB) as measures of dispersion. The mixture Poisson-logarithmic (Plog) model is proposed as a special case of the NB distribution, where the bacterial clusters are Poisson distributed while the individuals in each cluster follow a logarithmic distribution. In order to describe microbial data characterised by an excess of zero counts (1−π), we assess the zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) and zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) distributions as alternative statistical models. The Operating Characteristic (OC) curves generated on the basis of the zero-inflated distributions were compared for fixed values of the variance-to-mean ratio and the parameter π at any mean level of contamination and sample weight adopted. The results show that assuming fixed 1/k and π for the NB and ZIP distributions, respectively, both models converge to a Poisson distribution at the producer’s quality level. In contrast, the consumer’s quality level is highly affected by assuming fixed values of 1/k and π since it increases. The OC curves generated for the NB and ZIP distributions assuming fixed values of the variance-to-mean ratio at any mean level of contamination and sample weight adopted, reveal that both the consumer’s and producer’s quality level are affected, as they both increase. Within the ZINB distribution, a separate investigation is conducted to determine which parameters are mostly responsible for describing microbial over-dispersion. As a general conclusion, for the design of sampling plans based on any statistical distribution, OC curves that reflect microbial agglomeration should be constructed considering that variance is not constant but dependant on the level of microbial concentration of the lot.