Category Archives: Foodborne Illness

Research – Minced Beef Identified as Likely Source of Deadly 2023 E. Coli Outbreak in UK

Food Poisoning News

A severe outbreak of E. coli that swept across the United Kingdom in the summer of 2023, resulting in one death and dozens of severe illnesses, has now been traced back to a probable source – minced beef products.

The outbreak, according to a recent article in The Sun, which was initially detected by the UK Health Security Agency’s (UKHSA) surveillance systems in June 2023, was caused by a rare strain of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, or STEC.  This strain is known for causing severe gastrointestinal symptoms, including bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting.

While the precise source of contamination remains elusive, the investigation has narrowed down the likely culprit to minced beef products.  Ten of the patients filled out questionnaires to provide a detailed account of their food history for the two weeks leading up to the onset of sickness.  All 10 reported eating either beef burgers, beef mince prepared at home, or other beef mince products.

Denmark – More outbreaks of Salmonella in 2023

SSI

In Denmark, the number of salmonella outbreaks increased from 2022 to 2023. This is evident from the annual report on zoonoses in Denmark, prepared by the DTU Food Institute, the Danish Food and Drug Administration and the Staten Serum Institut.

In Denmark, 18 salmonella outbreaks were registered in 2023, which is a significant increase from 2022, when there were 11 outbreaks. This appears from the annual report for 2023 on the incidence of zoonoses – diseases that can be transmitted from animals and food to humans.

The largest salmonella outbreak in 2023 in Denmark counted 31 registered cases of illness and was caused by Salmonella Munich. 8 of the Salmonella outbreaks in Denmark in 2023 are due to Salmonella Enteritidis. In total, around 200 patients were infected with different types of salmonella.

Increase in outbreaks with Salmonella Enteritidis also in Europe

The increasing number of outbreaks is also seen elsewhere in Europe and follows a general trend. Four of the 11 outbreaks of Salmonella Enteritidis detected in Denmark in 2023 can be traced back to larger international outbreaks.

EFSA, the European Food Safety Authority, reports that European countries have reported several outbreaks in 2023. EFSA’s database contains results from genetic analyzes of the bacteria, which have contributed to clarifying and tracing both the meat and the companies where the salmonella originates.

“When several countries in Europe contribute to the same database, we have a better chance of clarifying more European foodborne outbreaks. And we can see that salmonella can be linked to imported chicken meat,” says research group leader Marianne Sandberg from the DTU Food Institute. Salmonella Enteritidis is more often found in hens, chickens and eggs than in foods of other animal origin. Humans can become infected through contact with animals or food that is infected with the bacteria.

“Salmonella Enteritidis is an infection we most often see after people have traveled. It was therefore surprising that the number of Salmonella Enteriditis outbreaks within the country’s borders increased from 1-3 per year in 2017-2022, to 8 in 2023,” says Luise Muller, epidemiologist from the Statens Serum Institut.

The source of infection for one outbreak was fried chicken meat for kebabs. That particular outbreak was part of an international outbreak and involved over 200 patients in 13 countries. There are no indications that Danish-produced eggs or chicken meat were the cause of the salmonella outbreak.

“In Denmark, we have a very fine-tuned control for salmonella in the production of broilers and eggs for human consumption. If we find salmonella, eggs or chicken meat from the flocks must not be sent out to consumers, but must be heat treated,” says specialist consultant Gudrun Sandø from the Danish Food and Drug Administration.

Netherlands – Norovirus behind outbreak that sickened almost 1,000 people in the Netherlands

Food Safety News

Officials have revealed findings from an investigation after hundreds of people reported feeling sick after going to a celebration in the town of Berkel en Rodenrijs.

GGD Rotterdam-Rijnmond and NVWA looked into the source of illnesses. The biggest cause of gastrointestinal complaints appeared to be norovirus. A total of 918 people reported being sick after attending the event but no serious illnesses were recorded.

GGD Rotterdam-Rijnmond visited the site where King’s Day was celebrated in Berkel en Rodenrijs several times and stool samples from 11 people were examined in the laboratory.

UKSHA – E. coli advice issued amid rise in cases.

Gov UK

As of 11 June, there have been a further 98 cases associated with this outbreak of STEC O145 in the UK, bringing the total number of confirmed cases to 211. All cases had sample dates before 31 May, but we expect this figure to rise as whole genome sequencing is ongoing to find any further cases which may be linked to the outbreak.

  • 147 in England
  • 27 in Wales
  • 35 in Scotland
  • 2 in Northern Ireland (for these cases, evidence suggests that they acquired their infection while visiting England)

Based on information from 160 cases to date, 42% were admitted to hospital.

UKHSA has worked closely with the Food Standards Agency (FSA), Food Standards Scotland and the devolved public health agencies to investigate the incident, carrying out epidemiological investigations and whole genome sequence analysis to help identify foods commonly consumed by the cases.

As a result of evidence gathered to date, product recall information notices have been published by FSA as a precaution.

Trish Mannes, Incident Director at UKHSA, said:

We would like to thank all the cases who have provided information that has enabled us, through epidemiological analysis of questionnaire data and food tracing investigations, to narrow down the likely food product linked to this outbreak.

Symptoms of infections with STEC include severe and sometimes bloody diarrhoea, stomach cramps, vomiting and fever. If you are unwell, have eaten salad leaves recently and are concerned about any symptoms, follow NHS.uk guidance on when to seek help and the steps you can take to avoid further spread to family and friends.

While diarrhoea and vomiting can have a range of causes, there are simple steps you can take to reduce your risk and risk of infecting others. Washing your hands with soap and warm water and using disinfectants to clean surfaces will help stop any further spread of infection. If you are unwell with diarrhoea and vomiting, you should not prepare food for others while unwell and avoid visiting people in hospitals or care homes to avoid passing on the infection in these settings. Do not return to work, school or nursery until 48 hours after your symptoms have stopped.

Darren Whitby, Head of Incidents at the FSA, said:

Sandwich manufacturers are taking a precautionary measure to recall various sandwiches, wraps, subs and rolls in response to findings from investigations by the Food Standards Agency (FSA), Food Standards Scotland (FSS) and UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) who are working to identify the cause of an ongoing outbreak caused by shiga toxin-producing E.coli (STEC). The full list of products can be found in the product recall information notice (PRIN).

This is a complex investigation, and we have worked swiftly with the relevant businesses and the local authorities concerned to narrow down the wide range of foods consumed to a small number of salad leaf products that have been used in sandwiches, wraps, subs and rolls. Following thorough food chain analysis, these products are being recalled as a precaution.

Infections caused by STEC bacteria can cause severe bloody diarrhoea and, in some cases, more serious complications. We therefore advise any consumers who have any of these products not to eat them.

The FSA is here to ensure that food is safe. If there are products on the market that are not, we won’t hesitate to take action to remove them.

Research- Chine -Pre-planned Studies: Pathogenic Surveillance of Foodborne Illness-Related Diarrhea — Beijing Municipality, China, 2013–2023

China CDC

  • Summary

    What is already known about this topic?Foodborne diseases present a significant public health concern, particularly in China, where they represent a significant food safety challenge. Currently, there is a need for a thorough and systematic analysis of the extended epidemiological patterns of foodborne diseases in Beijing Municipality.

    What is added by this report?Monitoring results show that Norovirus and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) are the most commonly identified foodborne diarrheal pathogens. Individuals aged 19–30 are at a higher risk of foodborne diarrhea in Beijing, with Salmonella infection being associated with fever symptoms.

    What are the implications for public health practice?This study analyzes 11 years of consecutive monitoring data to enhance understanding of the epidemiological and clinical features of foodborne diarrhea in Beijing. It aims to identify high-risk populations, assist in clinical pathogen identification and treatment, and support the development of tailored preventive strategies.

UK – FSA – Greencore Group recalls sandwiches, wraps and salads because of possible contamination with E. coli

FSA

Greencore Group is taking the precautionary step of recalling various sandwiches, wraps and salads because of possible contamination with E. coli.
E.coli has not been detected in the products listed below but are being recalled as a precaution.

Product details

Aldi Chicken Fajita Triple Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
by Amazon BLT Sandwich
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Asda Smoky Beans and Cheddar Cheese Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 15 June 2024
Asda Chicken Salad (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 15 June 2024
Asda Chicken & Bacon Club (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 15 June 2024
Asda Brie, Bacon and Chilli Chutney (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 15 June 2024
Asda BLT (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots BBQ Chicken wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots BLT (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Cheddar Cheese Ploughman’s (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Chicken & Bacon Caesar Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Chicken Salad (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
by Amazon Chicken Salad Sandwich
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Chicken Triple (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Delicious Ham & Cheese Ploughman’s (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Halloumi & Greek Style Salad wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Ham & Egg Club (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Mixed Triple (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Southern Fried Chicken Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Spicy Bean & Cheese Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Vegan No Chicken Salad (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Vegan No Duck & Hoisin Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Boots Veggie Triple (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
by Amazon Ploughman’s Sandwich
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Co-op Vegan Gro Onion Bhaji (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Co-op Mexican Style Bean & Cheese Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Co-op Ham, Cheese & Pickle (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Co-op Ham & Cheese Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Co-op Chicken & Bacon Caesar Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 17 June 2024
Co-op Bacon, Lettuce and Tomato (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Morrisons Chicken Salad (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Morrisons Chicken Salad PFS (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Morrisons Gluten Free Chicken Salad (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Morrisons Gluten Free Sandwich Platter
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
by Amazon Chicken & Bacon Layered Salad
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Sainsbury’s Peri Peri Chicken Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Sainsbury’s BBQ Pulled Pork & Red Leicester (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Sainsbury’s Chicken, Bacon & Avocado Focaccia (Sandwich)
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Sainsbury’s Greek Style Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Sainsbury’s Jerk Halloumi Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
by Amazon Prawn Layered Salad
Use by All dates up to and including 16 June 2024
Asda Vegan No Chick’n Caesar Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 15 June 2024
Asda Tuna Crunch Sub Roll
Use by All dates up to and including 15 June 2024
Asda Southern Fried Chicken Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 15 June 2024
Asda Southern Fried Chicken Triple Wrap
Use by All dates up to and including 15 June 2024

Risk statement

The possible presence of Shiga toxin-producing E.coli (STEC) in the products listed above.

Symptoms caused by STEC organisms include severe diarrhoea (including bloody diarrhoea), abdominal pain, and sometimes haemolytic uremic syndrome, (HUS), a serious condition that can lead to kidney failure and can be fatal.

Action taken by the company

Greencore Group is recalling the above products. Point of sale notices will be displayed where the products were sold. These notices explain to customers why the products are being recalled and tell them what to do if they have bought the products.

Our advice to consumers

If you have bought any of the above products do not eat them. Instead return them to the store from where they were bought for a full refund.

Research – Salmonella Typhimurium caused an unprecedentedly large foodborne outbreak in Finland in 2021 – Mixed Veg

Wiley Online

Aims

Salmonella infections are significant causes of foodborne outbreaks in the European Union. This study investigates a sudden increase in gastroenteritis patients in the hospital district of Central Finland in June 2021. The primary aim was to study the outbreak’s magnitude and source of the outbreak.

Methods and Results

Epidemiological, microbiological, environmental and traceback investigations were conducted. Over 700 persons fell ill during the outbreak caused by Salmonella Typhimurium associated with a daycare lunch. Similar S. Typhimurium was found in the patients and a vegetable mix containing iceberg lettuce, cucumber and peas served during lunch. The traceback investigation revealed that the batch information of vegetables from the wholesaler was not complete. The wholesaler had received quality complaints about the iceberg lettuce from the central kitchen. The manufacturer did not test the suspected batch for Salmonella since the production plant had given a certificate declaring it Salmonella negative.

Conclusions

The most suspect ingredient was one batch of iceberg lettuce due to quality complaints. The lettuce had not been served in two daycare centres without cases. We recommend that in order to enable thorough microbiological investigation, institutional kitchens store the food samples separately as part of the internal quality control and that food items should always be tested when Salmonella contamination in an outbreak is suspected.

Impacts

  • The largest Salmonella Typhimurium outbreak in the European Union in 2021 was linked to a vegetable mix served at daycare centres in Finland.
  • Food samples should be stored separately for possible outbreak investigation and tested when an outbreak is suspected.
  • Collaboration between healthcare and environmental health authorities in investigating and managing outbreaks is vital.

USA – More than 350 patients confirmed in outbreaks linked to fresh cucumbers – Salmonella

Food Safety News

Federal officials say 381 people are now confirmed as patients in two Salmonella outbreaks linked to fresh cucumbers.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that 75 percent of patients interviewed reported eating fresh cucumbers in the days before becoming ill. 

“Epidemiologic data show that cucumbers may be contaminated with Salmonella and may be making people sick,” according to an outbreak update from the CDC.

 

USA – FDA – Update – Outbreak Investigation of Salmonella: Cucumbers (June 2024)

FDA

June 12, 2024

The FDA and CDC, in collaboration with state and local partners, are investigating a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Africana infections potentially linked to cucumbers.

Based on epidemiological information collected by CDC for the Salmonella Africana investigation, as of June 12, 196 people infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Africana have been reported from 28 states and the District of Columbia. Of the 85 people interviewed, 63 (74%) reported eating cucumbers.

CDC and FDA are also investigating an outbreak of Salmonella Braenderup infections, with 185 illnesses in 24 states. The two outbreaks share several similarities, including where and when illnesses occurred and the demographics of ill people. Investigators are working to determine whether the two outbreaks could be linked to the same food vehicle. Information will be provided on the source of the Salmonella Braenderup outbreak as it becomes available.

As part of the Salmonella Africana investigation, state partners in the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture collected samples of cucumbers from several retail locations in their state. One sample supplied by Fresh Start Produce Sales, Inc., of Delray, Florida, tested positive for Salmonella. The specific strain of Salmonella found on Fresh Start Produce Sales, Inc. recalled cucumbers was identified as Salmonella Bareilly and does not match any ongoing outbreaks.

The investigations are ongoing to determine the source(s) of contamination and what products are linked to illnesses. FDA will update this advisory should additional consumer safety information become available.


Map of Distribution for Recalled Cucumbers

Map of U.S. Distribution of Recalled Fresh Start Cucumbers - Outbreak Investigation of Salmonella related to Cucumbers (June 2024)

Case Counts

See CDC Investigation Notice for Case Information for Salmonella Africana and Salmonella Braenderup

Recalled Product Distribution*: AL, FL, GA, IL, MD, NC, NJ, NY, OH, PA, SC, TN, VA, WV

*Distribution has been confirmed for states listed, but product could have been distributed further, reaching additional states.

USA – FDA – Investigations of Foodborne Illness Outbreaks

FDA

What’s New

  • An investigation of illnesses (ref #1233) linked to Diamond Shruumz-brand Chocolate Bars, Cones, and Gummies has been added to the table and FDA has issued an advisory. Consumers should not eat, sell, or serve any flavor of Diamond Shruumz-brand Chocolate Bars, Cones, and Gummies, and should discard them. FDA has initiated sample collection and analysis. The cause of illness has not yet been identified. FDA’s investigation is ongoing. Updates will be provided as they become available.
  • The FDA and CDC, in collaboration with state and local partners, are investigating a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Africana (ref #1227) illnesses that may be linked to cucumbers. The case count for this outbreak increased from 162 to 196. FDA and CDC are also investigating an outbreak of Salmonella Braenderup (ref #1229) illnesses that shares several similarities with the Salmonella Africana outbreak, including where and when illnesses occurred and the demographics of ill people. For the outbreak of Salmonella Braenderup illnesses, the case count has increased from 158 to 185. Investigators are working to determine whether the two outbreaks could be linked to the same food. On June 12, 2024, FDA updated the outbreak advisory.
  • Date
    Posted
    Ref Pathogen
    or
    Cause of
    Illness
    Product(s)
    Linked to
    Illnesses

    (if any)
    Total
    Case
    Count

    Status
    6/12/

    2024

    1233 Not Yet
    Identified
    Chocolate,
    Gummies,
    Cones
    See
    Advisory
    Active
    6/5/

    2024

    1229 Salmonella
    Braenderup
    Not Yet
    Identified
    185 Active
    5/22/

    2024

    1232 Listeria
    monocytogenes
    Not Yet
    Identified
    2 Active
    5/22/

    2024

    1227 Salmonella
    Africana
    Not Yet
    Identified
    196 Active
    4/17/

    2024

    1221 E. coli
    O157:H7
    Organic
    Walnuts
    See
    Advisory
    Active
    4/10/

    2024

    1218 Salmonella
    Typhimurium
    Organic
    Fresh
    Basil
    See
    Advisory
    Active