REPJFX01
REPJFX01 is a persistent, multidrug-resistant strain of Salmonella Infantis bacteria that has caused illnesses and outbreaks in the United States and globally.
Illness caused by this strain was first reported to PulseNet in 2012. As of December 31, 2022, information from 2,900 patients with REPJFX01 infection was reported to PulseNet. The median age of patients was 54 years (interquartile range, 27–70 years), and 62% were female. The isolate source was stool in 65% and urine in 27% of cases. Illnesses caused by this strain occur year-round but are most common in July and August. In the past, REPJFX01 has spread to people through contaminated chicken in the United States and through exposures during international travel.
Among a subset of 251 patients with records in Foodborne Disease Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) during 2018–2020, 10% of patients traveled internationally in the 7 days before their illness began; most traveled to the Dominican Republic (45%), Peru (25%), or Ecuador (10%). Among the same subset of patients, 29% were hospitalized, 7% were admitted to the intensive care unit, and fewer than 1% died. Among 85 patients who received antibiotics recommended as first-line or alternative treatment for salmonellosis, 78% had an isolate that was resistant to that antibiotic.
This strain of Salmonella Infantis is relatively diverse genetically. Bacteria in the strain are within 82 allele differences of one another by core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST). This is more genetically diverse than typical multistate foodborne outbreaks, in which bacteria generally fall within 10 allele differences of one another.
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