Category Archives: Predictive Modelling

Research – Machine Learning and Predictive Microbiology: Enhancing Food Safety Models

Frontiers In.org

The field of food safety is critical in ensuring that the food supply remains safe and nutritious from production to consumption. One of the most pressing challenges in this area is controlling microbial growth, which can significantly reduce the shelf life of food products and pose health risks. The composition and physicochemical characteristics of food can either inhibit or promote the growth of foodborne pathogens. Traditional microbial growth models, often used in laboratory settings, do not always translate well to real-world food environments due to the unique conditions present in food systems. Predictive microbiology has emerged as a valuable tool in this context, allowing researchers to predict the behavior of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms under various controlled conditions. Despite advancements, there remain significant gaps in our understanding of how to effectively apply these models across different stages of the food processing chain. The need for more comprehensive and adaptable models is evident, particularly as the food industry continues to evolve its processing techniques to enhance food safety and shelf life.
This research topic aims to explore the development and application of predictive models in food safety throughout the processing chain. The primary objectives include understanding how new processing conditions impact microbial safety, examining the interactions between food ingredients and antimicrobials, and developing robust models that can predict microbial behavior in diverse food environments. Specific questions to be addressed include: How do changes in food composition affect microbial growth? What are the best practices for integrating machine learning into predictive microbiology? How can we construct and validate models that are applicable across various stages of food production?
To gather further insights into the boundaries of predictive models in food safety, we welcome articles addressing, but not limited to, the following themes:
– Impact of new food processing conditions on the microbial safety of the final product
– Interaction of added antimicrobials and food ingredients on food safety
– Use of growth/no growth models for the growth of pathogens
– Impact of food composition modifications on the growth of pathogens or concentration of toxins
– Development of empirical or theoretical models for assessing microbial growth under food system conditions
– Machine learning applications in predictive microbiology
– Construction and validation of tertiary predictive models

The Use Of Predictive Models In Food Safety Through The Processing Chain

Frontiers In.org

One of the food industry’s most pressing challenges is providing safe and nutritious food for all. Microbial growth in the food supply or processed food products can reduce shelf life. On the other hand, foods’ composition and physicochemical characteristics can allow the growth and distribution of foodborne pathogens. The response of microorganisms to food composition, processing, or storage conditions will determine their growth capacity. The development of microbial growth models in food product environments differs from traditional growth models used in fermentations or lab cultures due to restrictions or advantages provided by the food environment. In predictive microbiology, the growth of pathogenic or food-spoilage microorganisms is determined under controlled conditions and used to predict their behavior in food systems.

Research – The Use of Predictive Microbiology for the Prediction of the Shelf Life of Food Products

MDPI

Abstract

Microbial shelf life refers to the duration of time during which a food product remains safe for consumption in terms of its microbiological quality. Predictive microbiology is a field of science that focuses on using mathematical models and computational techniques to predict the growth, survival, and behaviour of microorganisms in food and other environments. This approach allows researchers, food producers, and regulatory bodies to assess the potential risks associated with microbial contamination and spoilage, enabling informed decisions to be made regarding food safety, quality, and shelf life. Two-step and one-step modelling approaches are modelling techniques with primary and secondary models being used, while the machine learning approach does not require using primary and secondary models for describing the quantitative behaviour of microorganisms, leading to the spoilage of food products. This comprehensive review delves into the various modelling techniques that have found applications in predictive food microbiology for estimating the shelf life of food products. By examining the strengths, limitations, and implications of the different approaches, this review provides an invaluable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking to enhance the accuracy and reliability of microbial shelf life predictions. Ultimately, a deeper understanding of these techniques promises to advance the domain of predictive food microbiology, fostering improved food safety practices, reduced waste, and heightened consumer confidence.

Research- Predictive microbial modeling of E. faecium NRRL B-2354 inactivation during baking of a multi-component low-moisture food

Journal of Food Protection

Validating baking ovens as a microbial kill step, using thermal inactivation models, is desirable; however, traditional isothermal models may not be appropriate for these dynamic processes, yet they are being used by the food industry. Previous research indicates that the impact of additional process conditions, such as process humidity, should be considered when validating thermal processes for the control of microbial hazards in low-moisture foods. In this study, the predictive performance of traditional and modified thermal inactivation kinetic models accounting for process humidity were assessed for predicting bacterial inactivation of Enterococcus faecium NRRL B-2354 in a multi-ingredient composite food during baking. Ingredients (milk powder, protein powder, peanut butter, and whole wheat flour), individually inoculated to ~6 logCFU/g and equilibrated to a water activity of 0.25, were mixed to form a dough. An isothermal inactivation study was conducted for the dough to obtain traditional D- and z- values (n=63). In a separate experiment, cookies were baked under four dynamic heating conditions: 135℃/high humidity, 135℃/low humidity, 150℃/high humidity, and 150℃/low humidity. Process humidity measurements, time-temperature profiles for the product core, surface, and bulk air, and microbial survivor ratios were collected for the four conditions at six residence times (n=144). The traditional isothermal model had a poor root mean square error (RMSE) of 856.51 log (CFU/g), significantly overpredicting bacterial inactivation during the process. The modified model accounting for the dynamic time-temperature profile and process humidity data yielded a better predictive performance with a RMSE of 0.55 log CFU/g. The results demonstrate the importance of accounting for additional process parameters in baking inactivation models, and that model performance can be improved by utilizing model parameters obtained directly from industrial-scale experimental data.